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                    font-weight: bold;
                }

            table.collapsed tr.collapsable {
                display: none;
            }

            .error, .warning, .success {
                font-size: larger;
            }

            .error {
                color: #cc0000;
            }

            .warning {
                color: #705000;
            }

            .success {
                color: #009000;
            }

            .errorbox, .warningbox, .successbox {
                border: 1px solid;
                padding: .5em 1em;
                margin-bottom: 1em;
                display: -moz-inline-block;
                display: inline-block;
                zoom: 1;
                *display: inline;
            }

                .errorbox h2, .warningbox h2, .successbox h2 {
                    font-size: 1em;
                    color: inherit;
                    font-weight: bold;
                    display: inline;
                    margin: 0 .5em 0 0;
                    border: none;
                }

            .errorbox {
                color: #cc0000;
                border-color: #fac5c5;
                background-color: #fae3e3;
            }

            .warningbox {
                color: #705000;
                border-color: #fde29b;
                background-color: #fdf1d1;
            }

            .successbox {
                color: #009000;
                border-color: #b7fdb5;
                background-color: #e1fddf;
            }

            .mw-infobox {
                border: 2px solid #ff7f00;
                margin: 0.5em;
                clear: left;
                overflow: hidden;
            }

            .mw-infobox-left {
                margin: 7px;
                float: left;
                width: 35px;
            }

            .mw-infobox-right {
                margin: 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 49px;
            }

            .previewnote {
                color: #c00;
                margin-bottom: 1em;
            }

                .previewnote p {
                    text-indent: 3em;
                    margin: 0.8em 0;
                }

            .visualClear {
                clear: both;
            }

            .mw-datatable {
                border-collapse: collapse;
            }

                .mw-datatable, .mw-datatable td, .mw-datatable th {
                    border: 1px solid #aaaaaa;
                    padding: 0 0.15em 0 0.15em;
                }

                    .mw-datatable th {
                        background-color: #ddddff;
                    }

                    .mw-datatable td {
                        background-color: #ffffff;
                    }

                    .mw-datatable tr:hover td {
                        background-color: #eeeeff;
                    }

            .TablePager {
                min-width: 80%;
            }

            .TablePager_nav {
                margin: 0 auto;
            }

                .TablePager_nav td {
                    padding: 3px;
                    text-align: center;
                }

                .TablePager_nav a {
                    text-decoration: none;
                }

            .imagelist td, .imagelist th {
                white-space: nowrap;
            }

            .imagelist .TablePager_col_links {
                background-color: #eeeeff;
            }

            .imagelist .TablePager_col_img_description {
                white-space: normal;
            }

            .imagelist th.TablePager_sort {
                background-color: #ccccff;
            }

            ul#filetoc {
                text-align: center;
                border: 1px solid #aaaaaa;
                background-color: #f9f9f9;
                padding: 5px;
                font-size: 95%;
                margin-bottom: 0.5em;
                margin-left: 0;
                margin-right: 0;
            }

            #filetoc li {
                display: inline;
                list-style-type: none;
                padding-right: 2em;
            }

            table.mw_metadata {
                font-size: 0.8em;
                margin-left: 0.5em;
                margin-bottom: 0.5em;
                width: 400px;
            }

                table.mw_metadata caption {
                    font-weight: bold;
                }

                table.mw_metadata th {
                    font-weight: normal;
                }

                table.mw_metadata td {
                    padding: 0.1em;
                }

            table.mw_metadata {
                border: none;
                border-collapse: collapse;
            }

                table.mw_metadata td, table.mw_metadata th {
                    text-align: center;
                    border: 1px solid #aaaaaa;
                    padding-left: 5px;
                    padding-right: 5px;
                }

                table.mw_metadata th {
                    background-color: #f9f9f9;
                }

                table.mw_metadata td {
                    background-color: #fcfcfc;
                }

                table.mw_metadata ul.metadata-langlist {
                    list-style-type: none;
                    list-style-image: none;
                    padding-right: 5px;
                    padding-left: 5px;
                    margin: 0;
                }

            .mw-content-ltr ul, .mw-content-rtl .mw-content-ltr ul {
                margin: 0.3em 0 0 1.6em;
                padding: 0;
            }

            .mw-content-rtl ul, .mw-content-ltr .mw-content-rtl ul {
                margin: 0.3em 1.6em 0 0;
                padding: 0;
            }

            .mw-content-ltr ol, .mw-content-rtl .mw-content-ltr ol {
                margin: 0.3em 0 0 3.2em;
                padding: 0;
            }

            .mw-content-rtl ol, .mw-content-ltr .mw-content-rtl ol {
                margin: 0.3em 3.2em 0 0;
                padding: 0;
            }

            .mw-content-ltr dd, .mw-content-rtl .mw-content-ltr dd {
                margin-left: 1.6em;
                margin-right: 0;
            }

            .mw-content-rtl dd, .mw-content-ltr .mw-content-rtl dd {
                margin-right: 1.6em;
                margin-left: 0;
            }

            li.gallerybox {
                vertical-align: top;
                display: -moz-inline-box;
                display: inline-block;
            }

            ul.gallery, li.gallerybox {
                zoom: 1;
                *display: inline;
            }

            ul.gallery {
                margin: 2px;
                padding: 2px;
                display: block;
            }

            li.gallerycaption {
                font-weight: bold;
                text-align: center;
                display: block;
                word-wrap: break-word;
            }

            li.gallerybox div.thumb {
                text-align: center;
                border: 1px solid #ccc;
                background-color: #f9f9f9;
                margin: 2px;
            }

                li.gallerybox div.thumb img {
                    display: block;
                    margin: 0 auto;
                }

            div.gallerytext {
                overflow: hidden;
                font-size: 94%;
                padding: 2px 4px;
                word-wrap: break-word;
            }

            ul.mw-gallery-nolines li.gallerybox div.thumb {
                background-color: transparent;
                border: none;
            }

            ul.mw-gallery-nolines li.gallerybox div.gallerytext {
                text-align: center;
            }

            ul.mw-gallery-packed li.gallerybox div.thumb, ul.mw-gallery-packed-overlay li.gallerybox div.thumb, ul.mw-gallery-packed-hover li.gallerybox div.thumb {
                background-color: transparent;
                border: none;
            }

                ul.mw-gallery-packed li.gallerybox div.thumb img, ul.mw-gallery-packed-overlay li.gallerybox div.thumb img, ul.mw-gallery-packed-hover li.gallerybox div.thumb img {
                    margin: 0 auto;
                }

            ul.mw-gallery-packed-hover li.gallerybox, ul.mw-gallery-packed-overlay li.gallerybox {
                position: relative;
            }

            ul.mw-gallery-packed-hover div.gallerytextwrapper {
                overflow: hidden;
                height: 0;
            }

            ul.mw-gallery-packed-hover li.gallerybox:hover div.gallerytextwrapper, ul.mw-gallery-packed-overlay li.gallerybox div.gallerytextwrapper, ul.mw-gallery-packed-hover li.gallerybox.mw-gallery-focused div.gallerytextwrapper {
                position: absolute;
                background: white;
                background: rgba(255,255,255,0.8);
                padding: 5px 10px;
                bottom: 0;
                left: 0;
                height: auto;
                font-weight: bold;
                margin: 2px;
            }

            ul.mw-gallery-packed-hover, ul.mw-gallery-packed-overlay, ul.mw-gallery-packed {
                text-align: center;
            }

            .mw-ajax-loader {
                background-image: url();
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/common/images/ajax-loader.gif?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
                background-position: center center;
                background-repeat: no-repeat;
                padding: 16px;
                position: relative;
                top: -16px;
            }

            .mw-small-spinner {
                padding: 10px !important;
                margin-right: 0.6em;
                background-image: url();
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/common/images/spinner.gif?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
                background-position: center center;
                background-repeat: no-repeat;
            }

            h1:lang(anp), h1:lang(as), h1:lang(bh), h1:lang(bho), h1:lang(bn), h1:lang(gu), h1:lang(hi), h1:lang(kn), h1:lang(ks), h1:lang(ml), h1:lang(mr), h1:lang(my), h1:lang(mai), h1:lang(ne), h1:lang(new), h1:lang(or), h1:lang(pa), h1:lang(pi), h1:lang(sa), h1:lang(ta), h1:lang(te) {
                line-height: 1.6em !important;
            }

            h2:lang(anp), h3:lang(anp), h4:lang(anp), h5:lang(anp), h6:lang(anp), h2:lang(as), h3:lang(as), h4:lang(as), h5:lang(as), h6:lang(as), h2:lang(bho), h3:lang(bho), h4:lang(bho), h5:lang(bho), h6:lang(bho), h2:lang(bh), h3:lang(bh), h4:lang(bh), h5:lang(bh), h6:lang(bh), h2:lang(bn), h3:lang(bn), h4:lang(bn), h5:lang(bn), h6:lang(bn), h2:lang(gu), h3:lang(gu), h4:lang(gu), h5:lang(gu), h6:lang(gu), h2:lang(hi), h3:lang(hi), h4:lang(hi), h5:lang(hi), h6:lang(hi), h2:lang(kn), h3:lang(kn), h4:lang(kn), h5:lang(kn), h6:lang(kn), h2:lang(ks), h3:lang(ks), h4:lang(ks), h5:lang(ks), h6:lang(ks), h2:lang(ml), h3:lang(ml), h4:lang(ml), h5:lang(ml), h6:lang(ml), h2:lang(mr), h3:lang(mr), h4:lang(mr), h5:lang(mr), h6:lang(mr), h2:lang(my), h3:lang(my), h4:lang(my), h5:lang(my), h6:lang(my), h2:lang(mai), h3:lang(mai), h4:lang(mai), h5:lang(mai), h6:lang(mai), h2:lang(ne), h3:lang(ne), h4:lang(ne), h5:lang(ne), h6:lang(ne), h2:lang(new), h3:lang(new), h4:lang(new), h5:lang(new), h6:lang(new), h2:lang(or), h3:lang(or), h4:lang(or), h5:lang(or), h6:lang(or), h2:lang(pa), h3:lang(pa), h4:lang(pa), h5:lang(pa), h6:lang(pa), h2:lang(pi), h3:lang(pi), h4:lang(pi), h5:lang(pi), h6:lang(pi), h2:lang(sa), h3:lang(sa), h4:lang(sa), h5:lang(sa), h6:lang(sa), h2:lang(ta), h3:lang(ta), h4:lang(ta), h5:lang(ta), h6:lang(ta), h2:lang(te), h3:lang(te), h4:lang(te), h5:lang(te), h6:lang(te) {
                line-height: 1.2em;
            }

            ol:lang(bcc) li, ol:lang(bqi) li, ol:lang(fa) li, ol:lang(glk) li, ol:lang(kk-arab) li, ol:lang(mzn) li {
                list-style-type: -moz-persian;
                list-style-type: persian;
            }

            ol:lang(ckb) li {
                list-style-type: -moz-arabic-indic;
                list-style-type: arabic-indic;
            }

            ol:lang(hi) li, ol:lang(mr) li {
                list-style-type: -moz-devanagari;
                list-style-type: devanagari;
            }

            ol:lang(as) li, ol:lang(bn) li {
                list-style-type: -moz-bengali;
                list-style-type: bengali;
            }

            ol:lang(or) li {
                list-style-type: -moz-oriya;
                list-style-type: oriya;
            }

            #toc ul, .toc ul {
                margin: .3em 0;
            }

            .mw-content-ltr .toc ul, .mw-content-ltr #toc ul, .mw-content-rtl .mw-content-ltr .toc ul, .mw-content-rtl .mw-content-ltr #toc ul {
                text-align: left;
            }

            .mw-content-rtl .toc ul, .mw-content-rtl #toc ul, .mw-content-ltr .mw-content-rtl .toc ul, .mw-content-ltr .mw-content-rtl #toc ul {
                text-align: right;
            }

            .mw-content-ltr .toc ul ul, .mw-content-ltr #toc ul ul, .mw-content-rtl .mw-content-ltr .toc ul ul, .mw-content-rtl .mw-content-ltr #toc ul ul {
                margin: 0 0 0 2em;
            }

            .mw-content-rtl .toc ul ul, .mw-content-rtl #toc ul ul, .mw-content-ltr .mw-content-rtl .toc ul ul, .mw-content-ltr .mw-content-rtl #toc ul ul {
                margin: 0 2em 0 0;
            }

            #toc #toctitle, .toc #toctitle, #toc .toctitle, .toc .toctitle {
                direction: ltr;
            }

            .mw-help-field-hint {
                display: none;
                margin-left: 2px;
                margin-bottom: -8px;
                padding: 0 0 0 15px;
                background-image: url();
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/common/images/help-question.gif?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
                background-position: left center;
                background-repeat: no-repeat;
                cursor: pointer;
                font-size: .8em;
                text-decoration: underline;
                color: #0645ad;
            }

                .mw-help-field-hint:hover {
                    background-image: url();
                    background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/common/images/help-question-hover.gif?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
                }

            .mw-help-field-data {
                display: block;
                background-color: #d6f3ff;
                padding: 5px 8px 4px 8px;
                border: 1px solid #5dc9f4;
                margin-left: 20px;
            }

            .tipsy {
                padding: 5px 5px 10px;
                font-size: 12px;
                position: absolute;
                z-index: 100000;
                overflow: visible;
            }

            .tipsy-inner {
                padding: 5px 8px 4px 8px;
                background-color: #d6f3ff;
                color: black;
                border: 1px solid #5dc9f4;
                max-width: 300px;
                text-align: left;
            }

            .tipsy-arrow {
                position: absolute;
                background: url() no-repeat top left;
                background: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/common/images/tipsy-arrow.gif?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) no-repeat top left !ie;
                width: 13px;
                height: 13px;
            }

            .tipsy-se .tipsy-arrow {
                bottom: -2px;
                right: 10px;
                background-position: 0% 100%;
            }

            #mw-clearyourcache, #mw-sitecsspreview, #mw-sitejspreview, #mw-usercsspreview, #mw-userjspreview {
                direction: ltr;
                unicode-bidi: embed;
            }

            .diff-currentversion-title, .diff {
                direction: ltr;
                unicode-bidi: embed;
            }

            .diff-contentalign-right td {
                direction: rtl;
                unicode-bidi: embed;
            }

            .diff-contentalign-left td {
                direction: ltr;
                unicode-bidi: embed;
            }

            .diff-multi, .diff-otitle, .diff-ntitle, .diff-lineno {
                direction: ltr !important;
                unicode-bidi: embed;
            }

            #mw-revision-info, #mw-revision-info-current, #mw-revision-nav {
                direction: ltr;
                display: inline;
            }

            div.tright, div.floatright, table.floatright {
                clear: right;
                float: right;
            }

            div.tleft, div.floatleft, table.floatleft {
                float: left;
                clear: left;
            }

            div.floatright, table.floatright, div.floatleft, table.floatleft {
                position: relative;
            }

            #mw-credits a {
                unicode-bidi: embed;
            }

            .mw-jump, #jump-to-nav {
                overflow: hidden;
                height: 0;
                zoom: 1;
            }

            .printfooter {
                display: none;
            }

            .xdebug-error {
                position: absolute;
                z-index: 99;
            }

            .mw-editsection, .toctoggle, #jump-to-nav {
                -moz-user-select: none;
                -webkit-user-select: none;
                -ms-user-select: none;
                user-select: none;
            }

            .mw-editsection, .mw-editsection-like {
                font-size: small;
                font-weight: normal;
                margin-left: 1em;
                vertical-align: baseline;
                line-height: 1em;
                display: inline-block;
            }

            .mw-content-ltr .mw-editsection, .mw-content-rtl .mw-content-ltr .mw-editsection {
                margin-left: 1em;
            }

            .mw-content-rtl .mw-editsection, .mw-content-ltr .mw-content-rtl .mw-editsection {
                margin-right: 1em;
            }

            sup, sub {
                line-height: 1;
            }
        }

        .mw-ui-button {
            display: inline-block;
            padding: .5em 1em;
            margin: 0;
            *display: inline;
            zoom: 1;
            background: #fff;
            color: #898989;
            border: 1px solid #ccc;
            border-radius: 3px;
            vertical-align: middle;
            text-align: center;
            font-weight: bold;
            text-shadow: 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
            cursor: pointer;
            -webkit-transition: background .1s ease-in-out,color .1s ease-in-out,box-shadow .1s ease-in-out;
            transition: background .1s ease-in-out,color .1s ease-in-out,box-shadow .1s ease-in-out;
        }

            .mw-ui-button:hover, .mw-ui-button:focus {
                box-shadow: 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.1),inset 0 -3px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
                outline: none;
            }

                .mw-ui-button:hover::-moz-focus-inner, .mw-ui-button:focus::-moz-focus-inner {
                    border-color: transparent;
                }

            .mw-ui-button:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-checked {
                background: #cccccc;
                box-shadow: none;
            }

            .mw-ui-button:disabled {
                color: #ccc;
            }

                .mw-ui-button:disabled:hover, .mw-ui-button:disabled:active {
                    background: #fff;
                    box-shadow: none;
                }

            .mw-ui-button:disabled {
                text-shadow: none;
                cursor: default;
            }

            .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-big {
                font-size: 1.3em;
            }

            .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-block {
                display: block;
                width: 100%;
            }

            .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary {
                background: #347bff;
                color: #fff;
                border: none;
            }

                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:focus, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary:focus {
                    box-shadow: 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.1),inset 0 -3px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
                    outline: none;
                }

                    .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:hover::-moz-focus-inner, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:focus::-moz-focus-inner, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary:hover::-moz-focus-inner, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary:focus::-moz-focus-inner {
                        border-color: transparent;
                    }

                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-checked, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary.mw-ui-checked {
                    background: #2a62cc;
                    box-shadow: none;
                }

                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:disabled, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary:disabled {
                    background: #ccc;
                }

                    .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:disabled:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:disabled:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive:disabled.mw-ui-checked, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary:disabled:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary:disabled:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary:disabled.mw-ui-checked {
                        box-shadow: none;
                    }

                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary.mw-ui-quiet {
                    color: #898989;
                }

                    .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet:focus, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary.mw-ui-quiet:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary.mw-ui-quiet:focus {
                        color: #5d95ff;
                    }

                    .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet.mw-ui-checked, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary.mw-ui-quiet:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary.mw-ui-quiet.mw-ui-checked {
                        color: #2a62cc;
                    }

                    .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-progressive.mw-ui-quiet:disabled, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-primary.mw-ui-quiet:disabled {
                        color: #ccc;
                    }

            .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive {
                background: #00af89;
                color: #fff;
                border: none;
            }

                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive:focus {
                    box-shadow: 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.1),inset 0 -3px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
                    outline: none;
                }

                    .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive:hover::-moz-focus-inner, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive:focus::-moz-focus-inner {
                        border-color: transparent;
                    }

                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive.mw-ui-checked {
                    background: #008c6e;
                    box-shadow: none;
                }

                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive:disabled {
                    background: #ccc;
                }

                    .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive:disabled:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive:disabled:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive:disabled.mw-ui-checked {
                        box-shadow: none;
                    }

                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive.mw-ui-quiet {
                    color: #898989;
                }

                    .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive.mw-ui-quiet:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive.mw-ui-quiet:focus {
                        color: #33bfa1;
                    }

                    .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive.mw-ui-quiet:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive.mw-ui-quiet.mw-ui-checked {
                        color: #008c6e;
                    }

                    .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-constructive.mw-ui-quiet:disabled {
                        color: #ccc;
                    }

            .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive {
                background: #d11d13;
                color: #fff;
                border: none;
            }

                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:focus {
                    box-shadow: 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.1),inset 0 -3px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
                    outline: none;
                }

                    .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:hover::-moz-focus-inner, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:focus::-moz-focus-inner {
                        border-color: transparent;
                    }

                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive.mw-ui-checked {
                    background: #a7170f;
                    box-shadow: none;
                }

                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:disabled {
                    background: #ccc;
                }

                    .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:disabled:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:disabled:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-destructive:disabled.mw-ui-checked {
                        box-shadow: none;
                    }

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                text-shadow: none;
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                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:focus {
                    color: #a1a1a1;
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                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet.mw-ui-checked {
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                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:disabled {
                    color: #ccc;
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                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:hover, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:focus {
                    box-shadow: none;
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                .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:active, .mw-ui-button.mw-ui-quiet:disabled {
                    background: transparent;
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                a:hover, a:focus {
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                .mw-body a.external:visited {
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                div#content #toc h2, div#content .toc h2 {
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            div.emptyPortlet {
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            ul {
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                transition: margin-right 250ms;
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            body.vector-animateLayout #mw-head-base {
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                transition: margin-left 250ms;
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            #p-personal {
                position: absolute;
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                #p-personal h3 {
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                #p-personal li {
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                        font-size: 0.8em;
                    }

                    div.vectorTabs li > a {
                        display: block;
                    }

                div.vectorTabs span {
                    display: inline-block;
                    background-image: url();
                    background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/tab-break.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
                    background-position: bottom right;
                    background-repeat: no-repeat;
                }

                    div.vectorTabs span a {
                        display: inline-block;
                        padding-top: 1.25em;
                    }

                    div.vectorTabs span > a {
                        float: left;
                        display: block;
                    }

            div.vectorMenu {
                direction: ltr;
                float: left;
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/arrow-down-icon.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/arrow-down-icon.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url();
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/arrow-down-icon.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
                background-position: 100% 60%;
                background-repeat: no-repeat;
                cursor: pointer;
                -webkit-transition: background-position 250ms;
                transition: background-position 250ms;
            }

                div.vectorMenu.menuForceShow {
                    background-position: 100% 100%;
                }

            div.vectorMenuFocus {
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/arrow-down-focus-icon.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/arrow-down-focus-icon.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url();
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/arrow-down-focus-icon.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
                background-position: 100% 60%;
            }

            body.rtl div.vectorMenu {
                direction: rtl;
            }

            div#mw-head div.vectorMenu h3 {
                float: left;
                background-image: url();
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/tab-break.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
                background-repeat: no-repeat;
                background-position: bottom left;
                margin-left: -1px;
            }

            div#mw-head div.vectorMenu > h3 {
                background-image: none;
            }

            div#mw-head div.vectorMenu h4, div.vectorMenu#p-variants #mw-vector-current-variant {
                display: inline-block;
                float: left;
                font-size: 0.8em;
                padding-left: 0.5em;
                padding-top: 1.375em;
                font-weight: normal;
                border: none;
            }

            div.vectorMenu h3 a {
                display: inline-block;
                width: 24px;
                height: 1.9em;
                text-decoration: none;
                background-image: url();
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/tab-break.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
                background-repeat: no-repeat;
                background-position: bottom right;
            }

            div.vectorMenu h3 > a {
                display: block;
            }

            div.vectorMenu div.menu {
                position: relative;
                display: none;
                clear: both;
                text-align: left;
            }

            body.rtl div.vectorMenu div.menu {
                margin-left: 24px;
            }

            body.rtl div.vectorMenu > div.menu {
                margin-left: auto;
            }

            body.rtl div.vectorMenu > div.menu, x:-moz-any-link {
                margin-left: 23px;
            }

            div.vectorMenu:hover div.menu, div.vectorMenu.menuForceShow div.menu {
                display: block;
            }

            div.vectorMenu ul {
                position: absolute;
                background-color: white;
                border: solid 1px silver;
                border-top-width: 0;
                list-style-type: none;
                list-style-image: none;
                padding: 0;
                margin: 0;
                margin-left: -1px;
                text-align: left;
            }

            div.vectorMenu ul, x:-moz-any-link {
                min-width: 5em;
            }

            div.vectorMenu ul, x:-moz-any-link, x:default {
                min-width: 0;
            }

            div.vectorMenu li {
                padding: 0;
                margin: 0;
                text-align: left;
                line-height: 1em;
            }

                div.vectorMenu li a {
                    display: inline-block;
                    padding: 0.5em;
                    white-space: nowrap;
                    color: #0645ad;
                    cursor: pointer;
                    font-size: 0.8em;
                }

                div.vectorMenu li > a {
                    display: block;
                }

                div.vectorMenu li.selected a, div.vectorMenu li.selected a:visited {
                    color: #333;
                    text-decoration: none;
                }

            @-webkit-keyframes rotate {
                from {
                    -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);
                    -moz-transform: rotate(0deg);
                    transform: rotate(0deg);
                }

                to {
                    -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg);
                    -moz-transform: rotate(360deg);
                    transform: rotate(360deg);
                }
            }

            @-moz-keyframes rotate {
                from {
                    -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);
                    -moz-transform: rotate(0deg);
                    transform: rotate(0deg);
                }

                to {
                    -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg);
                    -moz-transform: rotate(360deg);
                    transform: rotate(360deg);
                }
            }

            @-o-keyframes rotate {
                from {
                    -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);
                    -moz-transform: rotate(0deg);
                    transform: rotate(0deg);
                }

                to {
                    -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg);
                    -moz-transform: rotate(360deg);
                    transform: rotate(360deg);
                }
            }

            @keyframes rotate {
                from {
                    -webkit-transform: rotate(0deg);
                    -moz-transform: rotate(0deg);
                    transform: rotate(0deg);
                }

                to {
                    -webkit-transform: rotate(360deg);
                    -moz-transform: rotate(360deg);
                    transform: rotate(360deg);
                }
            }

            #ca-unwatch.icon a, #ca-watch.icon a {
                margin: 0;
                padding: 0;
                outline: none;
                display: block;
                width: 26px;
                padding-top: 3.1em;
                margin-top: 0;
                margin-top: -0.8em !ie;
                height: 0;
                overflow: hidden;
                background-position: 5px 60%;
            }

            #ca-unwatch.icon a {
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/unwatch-icon.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/unwatch-icon.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url();
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/unwatch-icon.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
            }

            #ca-watch.icon a {
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/watch-icon.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/watch-icon.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url();
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/watch-icon.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
            }

            #ca-unwatch.icon a:hover, #ca-unwatch.icon a:focus {
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/unwatch-icon-hl.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/unwatch-icon-hl.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url();
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/unwatch-icon-hl.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
            }

            #ca-watch.icon a:hover, #ca-watch.icon a:focus {
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/watch-icon-hl.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/watch-icon-hl.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url();
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/watch-icon-hl.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
            }

            #ca-unwatch.icon a.loading, #ca-watch.icon a.loading {
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/watch-icon-loading.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/watch-icon-loading.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url();
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/watch-icon-loading.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
                -webkit-animation: rotate 700ms infinite linear;
                -moz-animation: rotate 700ms infinite linear;
                -o-animation: rotate 700ms infinite linear;
                animation: rotate 700ms infinite linear;
                background-position: 50% 60%;
                -webkit-transform-origin: 50% 57%;
                transform-origin: 50% 57%;
            }

            #ca-unwatch.icon a span, #ca-watch.icon a span {
                display: none;
            }

            #mw-navigation h2 {
                position: absolute;
                top: -9999px;
            }

            #mw-page-base {
                height: 5em;
                background-position: bottom left;
                background-repeat: repeat-x;
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/page-fade.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-color: #f6f6f6;
                background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top,#fff 50%,#f6f6f6 100%);
                background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear,left top,left bottom,color-stop(50%,#fff),color-stop(100%,#f6f6f6));
                background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top,#fff 50%,#f6f6f6 100%);
                background-image: linear-gradient(#fff 50%,#f6f6f6 100%);
                background-color: #fff;
            }

            #mw-head-base {
                margin-top: -5em;
                margin-left: 10em;
                height: 5em;
            }

            div#mw-head {
                position: absolute;
                top: 0;
                right: 0;
                width: 100%;
            }

                div#mw-head h3 {
                    margin: 0;
                    padding: 0;
                }

            #left-navigation {
                float: left;
                margin-left: 10em;
                margin-top: 2.5em;
                margin-bottom: -2.5em;
                display: inline;
            }

            #right-navigation {
                float: right;
                margin-top: 2.5em;
            }

            #p-logo {
                position: absolute;
                top: -160px;
                left: 0;
                width: 10em;
                height: 160px;
            }

                #p-logo a {
                    display: block;
                    width: 10em;
                    height: 160px;
                    background-repeat: no-repeat;
                    background-position: center center;
                    text-decoration: none;
                }

            div#mw-panel {
                font-size: inherit;
                position: absolute;
                top: 160px;
                padding-top: 1em;
                width: 10em;
                left: 0;
            }

                div#mw-panel div.portal {
                    padding-bottom: 1.5em;
                    direction: ltr;
                }

                    div#mw-panel div.portal h3 {
                        font-weight: normal;
                        color: #444;
                        padding: 0 1.75em 0.25em 0.25em;
                        cursor: default;
                        border: none;
                        font-size: 0.75em;
                    }

                    div#mw-panel div.portal div.body {
                        padding-top: 0.5em;
                        margin: 0 0 0 1.25em;
                        background-image: url();
                        background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/portal-break.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
                        background-repeat: no-repeat;
                        background-position: top left;
                    }

                        div#mw-panel div.portal div.body ul {
                            list-style-type: none;
                            list-style-image: none;
                            padding: 0;
                            margin: 0;
                        }

                            div#mw-panel div.portal div.body ul li {
                                line-height: 1.125em;
                                padding: 0;
                                padding-bottom: 0.5em;
                                margin: 0;
                                font-size: 0.75em;
                                word-wrap: break-word;
                            }

                                div#mw-panel div.portal div.body ul li a {
                                    color: #0645ad;
                                }

                                    div#mw-panel div.portal div.body ul li a:visited {
                                        color: #0b0080;
                                    }

            div#footer {
                margin-left: 10em;
                margin-top: 0;
                padding: 0.75em;
                direction: ltr;
            }

                div#footer ul {
                    list-style-type: none;
                    list-style-image: none;
                    margin: 0;
                    padding: 0;
                }

                    div#footer ul li {
                        margin: 0;
                        padding: 0;
                        padding-top: 0.5em;
                        padding-bottom: 0.5em;
                        color: #333;
                        font-size: 0.7em;
                    }

                div#footer #footer-icons {
                    float: right;
                }

                    div#footer #footer-icons li {
                        float: left;
                        margin-left: 0.5em;
                        line-height: 2em;
                        text-align: right;
                    }

                div#footer #footer-info li {
                    line-height: 1.4em;
                }

                div#footer #footer-places li {
                    float: left;
                    margin-right: 1em;
                    line-height: 2em;
                }

            body.ltr div#footer #footer-places {
                float: left;
            }

            .skin-vector .mw-notification-area {
                font-size: 0.8em;
            }

            .skin-vector .mw-notification-area-layout {
                top: 7em;
            }

            .skin-vector .mw-notification {
                background-color: #fff;
                background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.93);
                padding: 0.75em 1.5em;
                border: solid 1px #a7d7f9;
                border-radius: 0.75em;
                -webkit-box-shadow: 0 2px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.125);
                box-shadow: 0 2px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.125);
            }

            .external {
                background-position: center right;
                background-repeat: no-repeat;
                background-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/external-link-ltr-icon.png?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z);
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url();
                background-image: linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/vector/images/external-link-ltr-icon.svg?2014-04-10T16:08:20Z) !ie;
                padding-right: 13px;
            }
        }

        @media screen and (min-width:982px) {
            div#content {
                margin-left: 11em;
                padding: 1.25em 1.5em 1.5em 1.5em;
            }

            #p-logo {
                left: 0.5em;
            }

            div#footer {
                margin-left: 11em;
                padding: 1.25em;
            }

            #mw-panel {
                padding-left: 0.5em;
            }

            #p-search {
                margin-right: 1em;
            }

            #left-navigation {
                margin-left: 11em;
            }

            #p-personal {
                right: 1em;
            }

            #mw-head-base {
                margin-left: 11em;
            }
        }
        /**/
    </style>
    <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="" />
    <style style="display:none">
        dfn {
            font-style: inherit;
        }

        #interwiki-completelist {
            font-weight: bold;
        }

        body.page-Main_Page #ca-delete {
            display: none !important;
        }

        body.page-Main_Page #mp-topbanner {
            clear: both;
        }

        #toolbar {
            height: 22px;
            margin-bottom: 6px;
        }

        body.action-info :target {
            background: #DEF;
        }

        ol.references, div.reflist, div.refbegin {
            font-size: 90%;
            margin-bottom: 0.5em;
        }

        div.refbegin-100 {
            font-size: 100%;
        }

        div.reflist ol.references {
            font-size: 100%;
            list-style-type: inherit;
        }

        ol.references li:target, sup.reference:target, span.citation:target {
            background-color: #DEF;
        }

        sup.reference {
            font-weight: normal;
            font-style: normal;
        }

        span.brokenref {
            display: none;
        }

        .citation {
            word-wrap: break-word;
        }

        @media screen,handheld {
            .citation .printonly {
                display: none;
            }
        }

        div.columns {
            margin-top: 0.3em;
        }

            div.columns dl, div.columns ol, div.columns ul {
                margin-top: 0;
            }

            div.columns li, div.columns dd dd {
                -webkit-column-break-inside: avoid;
                page-break-inside: avoid;
                break-inside: avoid-column;
            }

        .flowlist ul {
            overflow-x: hidden;
            margin-left: 0;
            padding-left: 1.6em;
        }

        .flowlist ol {
            overflow-x: hidden;
            margin-left: 0;
            padding-left: 3.2em;
        }

        .flowlist dl {
            overflow-x: hidden;
        }

        .hlist dl, .hlist ol, .hlist ul {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }

        .hlist dd, .hlist dt, .hlist li {
            margin: 0;
            display: inline;
        }

        .hlist dl dl, .hlist dl ol, .hlist dl ul, .hlist ol dl, .hlist ol ol, .hlist ol ul, .hlist ul dl, .hlist ul ol, .hlist ul ul {
            display: inline;
        }

        .hlist dt:after {
            content: ":";
        }

        .hlist dd:after, .hlist li:after {
            content: " · ";
            font-weight: bold;
        }

        .hlist dd:last-child:after, .hlist dt:last-child:after, .hlist li:last-child:after {
            content: none;
        }

        .hlist dd.hlist-last-child:after, .hlist dt.hlist-last-child:after, .hlist li.hlist-last-child:after {
            content: none;
        }

        .hlist dd dd:first-child:before, .hlist dd dt:first-child:before, .hlist dd li:first-child:before, .hlist dt dd:first-child:before, .hlist dt dt:first-child:before, .hlist dt li:first-child:before, .hlist li dd:first-child:before, .hlist li dt:first-child:before, .hlist li li:first-child:before {
            content: " (";
            font-weight: normal;
        }

        .hlist dd dd:last-child:after, .hlist dd dt:last-child:after, .hlist dd li:last-child:after, .hlist dt dd:last-child:after, .hlist dt dt:last-child:after, .hlist dt li:last-child:after, .hlist li dd:last-child:after, .hlist li dt:last-child:after, .hlist li li:last-child:after {
            content: ") ";
            font-weight: normal;
        }

        .hlist dd dd.hlist-last-child:after, .hlist dd dt.hlist-last-child:after, .hlist dd li.hlist-last-child:after, .hlist dt dd.hlist-last-child:after, .hlist dt dt.hlist-last-child:after, .hlist dt li.hlist-last-child:after, .hlist li dd.hlist-last-child:after, .hlist li dt.hlist-last-child:after, .hlist li li.hlist-last-child:after {
            content: ") ";
            font-weight: normal;
        }

        .hlist ol {
            counter-reset: listitem;
        }

            .hlist ol > li {
                counter-increment: listitem;
            }

                .hlist ol > li:before {
                    content: " "counter(listitem)" ";
                    white-space: nowrap;
                }

        .hlist dd ol > li:first-child:before, .hlist dt ol > li:first-child:before, .hlist li ol > li:first-child:before {
            content: " ("counter(listitem)" ";
        }

        .plainlist ul {
            line-height: inherit;
            list-style: none none;
            margin: 0;
        }

            .plainlist ul li {
                margin-bottom: 0;
            }

        .navbox {
            border: 1px solid #aaa;
            width: 100%;
            margin: auto;
            clear: both;
            font-size: 88%;
            text-align: center;
            padding: 1px;
        }

        .navbox-inner, .navbox-subgroup {
            width: 100%;
        }

        .navbox-group, .navbox-title, .navbox-abovebelow {
            padding: 0.25em 1em;
            line-height: 1.5em;
            text-align: center;
        }

        th.navbox-group {
            white-space: nowrap;
            text-align: right;
        }

        .navbox, .navbox-subgroup {
            background: #fdfdfd;
        }

        .navbox-list {
            line-height: 1.8em;
            border-color: #fdfdfd;
        }

        .navbox th, .navbox-title {
            background: #ccccff;
        }

        .navbox-abovebelow, th.navbox-group, .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title {
            background: #ddddff;
        }

        .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group, .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow {
            background: #e6e6ff;
        }

        .navbox-even {
            background: #f7f7f7;
        }

        .navbox-odd {
            background: transparent;
        }

        table.navbox + table.navbox {
            margin-top: -1px;
        }

        .navbox .hlist td dl, .navbox .hlist td ol, .navbox .hlist td ul, .navbox td.hlist dl, .navbox td.hlist ol, .navbox td.hlist ul {
            padding: 0.125em 0;
        }

        ol + table.navbox, ul + table.navbox {
            margin-top: 0.5em;
        }

        .navbar {
            display: inline;
            font-size: 88%;
            font-weight: normal;
        }

            .navbar ul {
                display: inline;
                white-space: nowrap;
            }

            .navbar li {
                word-spacing: -0.125em;
            }

            .navbar.mini li span {
                font-variant: small-caps;
            }

        .infobox .navbar {
            font-size: 100%;
        }

        .navbox .navbar {
            display: block;
            font-size: 100%;
        }

        .navbox-title .navbar {
            float: left;
            text-align: left;
            margin-right: 0.5em;
            width: 6em;
        }

        .collapseButton {
            float: right;
            font-weight: normal;
            margin-left: 0.5em;
            text-align: right;
            width: auto;
        }

        .navbox .collapseButton {
            width: 6em;
        }

        .mw-collapsible-toggle {
            font-weight: normal;
            text-align: right;
        }

        .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle {
            width: 6em;
        }

        .infobox {
            border: 1px solid #aaa;
            background-color: #f9f9f9;
            color: black;
            margin: 0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;
            padding: 0.2em;
            float: right;
            clear: right;
            text-align: left;
            font-size: 88%;
            line-height: 1.5em;
        }

            .infobox caption {
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                font-weight: bold;
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            .infobox td, .infobox th {
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            .infobox.bordered {
                border-collapse: collapse;
            }

                .infobox.bordered td, .infobox.bordered th {
                    border: 1px solid #aaa;
                }

                .infobox.bordered .borderless td, .infobox.bordered .borderless th {
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                }

            .infobox.sisterproject {
                width: 20em;
                font-size: 90%;
            }

            .infobox.standard-talk {
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                background-color: #f8eaba;
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                .infobox.standard-talk.bordered td, .infobox.standard-talk.bordered th {
                    border: 1px solid #c0c090;
                }

            .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow td, .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow th {
                border: 0;
                border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
                border-right: 1px solid #aaa;
            }

            .infobox.bordered .mergedrow td, .infobox.bordered .mergedrow th {
                border: 0;
                border-right: 1px solid #aaa;
            }

            .infobox.geography {
                border-collapse: collapse;
                line-height: 1.2em;
                font-size: 90%;
            }

                .infobox.geography td, .infobox.geography th {
                    border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
                    padding: 0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em;
                }

                .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td, .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th {
                    border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
                    padding: 0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;
                }

                .infobox.geography .mergedrow td, .infobox.geography .mergedrow th {
                    border: 0;
                    padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;
                }

                .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td, .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th {
                    border-top: 0;
                    border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;
                    padding: 0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em;
                }

                .infobox.geography .maptable td, .infobox.geography .maptable th {
                    border: 0;
                    padding: 0;
                }

        .wikitable.plainrowheaders th[scope=row] {
            font-weight: normal;
            text-align: left;
        }

        .wikitable td ul, .wikitable td ol, .wikitable td dl {
            text-align: left;
        }

        .wikitable.hlist td ul, .wikitable.hlist td ol, .wikitable.hlist td dl {
            text-align: inherit;
        }

        div.listenlist {
            background: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Sound-icon.svg) no-repeat scroll 0 0 transparent;
            background-size: 30px;
            padding-left: 40px;
        }

        table.mw-hiero-table td {
            vertical-align: middle;
        }

        div.medialist {
            min-height: 50px;
            margin: 1em;
            background-position: top left;
            background-repeat: no-repeat;
        }

            div.medialist ul {
                list-style-type: none;
                list-style-image: none;
                margin: 0;
            }

                div.medialist ul li {
                    padding-bottom: 0.5em;
                }

                    div.medialist ul li li {
                        font-size: 91%;
                        padding-bottom: 0;
                    }

        div#content a[href$=".pdf"].external, div#content a[href*=".pdf?"].external, div#content a[href*=".pdf#"].external, div#content a[href$=".PDF"].external, div#content a[href*=".PDF?"].external, div#content a[href*=".PDF#"].external, div#mw_content a[href$=".pdf"].external, div#mw_content a[href*=".pdf?"].external, div#mw_content a[href*=".pdf#"].external, div#mw_content a[href$=".PDF"].external, div#mw_content a[href*=".PDF?"].external, div#mw_content a[href*=".PDF#"].external {
            background: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif) no-repeat right;
            padding-right: 18px;
        }

        div#content span.PDFlink a, div#mw_content span.PDFlink a {
            background: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif) no-repeat right;
            padding-right: 18px;
        }

        div.columns-2 div.column {
            float: left;
            width: 50%;
            min-width: 300px;
        }

        div.columns-3 div.column {
            float: left;
            width: 33.3%;
            min-width: 200px;
        }

        div.columns-4 div.column {
            float: left;
            width: 25%;
            min-width: 150px;
        }

        div.columns-5 div.column {
            float: left;
            width: 20%;
            min-width: 120px;
        }

        .messagebox {
            border: 1px solid #aaa;
            background-color: #f9f9f9;
            width: 80%;
            margin: 0 auto 1em auto;
            padding: .2em;
        }

            .messagebox.merge {
                border: 1px solid #c0b8cc;
                background-color: #f0e5ff;
                text-align: center;
            }

            .messagebox.cleanup {
                border: 1px solid #9f9fff;
                background-color: #efefff;
                text-align: center;
            }

            .messagebox.standard-talk {
                border: 1px solid #c0c090;
                background-color: #f8eaba;
                margin: 4px auto;
            }

            .mbox-inside .standard-talk, .messagebox.nested-talk {
                border: 1px solid #c0c090;
                background-color: #f8eaba;
                width: 100%;
                margin: 2px 0;
                padding: 2px;
            }

            .messagebox.small {
                width: 238px;
                font-size: 85%;
                float: right;
                clear: both;
                margin: 0 0 1em 1em;
                line-height: 1.25em;
            }

            .messagebox.small-talk {
                width: 238px;
                font-size: 85%;
                float: right;
                clear: both;
                margin: 0 0 1em 1em;
                line-height: 1.25em;
                background: #F8EABA;
            }

        th.mbox-text, td.mbox-text {
            border: none;
            padding: 0.25em 0.9em;
            width: 100%;
        }

        td.mbox-image {
            border: none;
            padding: 2px 0 2px 0.9em;
            text-align: center;
        }

        td.mbox-imageright {
            border: none;
            padding: 2px 0.9em 2px 0;
            text-align: center;
        }

        td.mbox-empty-cell {
            border: none;
            padding: 0;
            width: 1px;
        }

        table.ambox {
            margin: 0 10%;
            border: 1px solid #aaa;
            border-left: 10px solid #1e90ff;
            background: #fbfbfb;
        }

            table.ambox + table.ambox {
                margin-top: -1px;
            }

        .ambox th.mbox-text, .ambox td.mbox-text {
            padding: 0.25em 0.5em;
        }

        .ambox td.mbox-image {
            padding: 2px 0 2px 0.5em;
        }

        .ambox td.mbox-imageright {
            padding: 2px 0.5em 2px 0;
        }

        table.ambox-notice {
            border-left: 10px solid #1e90ff;
        }

        table.ambox-speedy {
            border-left: 10px solid #b22222;
            background: #fee;
        }

        table.ambox-delete {
            border-left: 10px solid #b22222;
        }

        table.ambox-content {
            border-left: 10px solid #f28500;
        }

        table.ambox-style {
            border-left: 10px solid #f4c430;
        }

        table.ambox-move {
            border-left: 10px solid #9932cc;
        }

        table.ambox-protection {
            border-left: 10px solid #bba;
        }

        table.imbox {
            margin: 4px 10%;
            border-collapse: collapse;
            border: 3px solid #1e90ff;
            background: #fbfbfb;
        }

        .imbox .mbox-text .imbox {
            margin: 0 -0.5em;
            display: block;
        }

        .mbox-inside .imbox {
            margin: 4px;
        }

        table.imbox-notice {
            border: 3px solid #1e90ff;
        }

        table.imbox-speedy {
            border: 3px solid #b22222;
            background: #fee;
        }

        table.imbox-delete {
            border: 3px solid #b22222;
        }

        table.imbox-content {
            border: 3px solid #f28500;
        }

        table.imbox-style {
            border: 3px solid #f4c430;
        }

        table.imbox-move {
            border: 3px solid #9932cc;
        }

        table.imbox-protection {
            border: 3px solid #bba;
        }

        table.imbox-license {
            border: 3px solid #88a;
            background: #f7f8ff;
        }

        table.imbox-featured {
            border: 3px solid #cba135;
        }

        table.cmbox {
            margin: 3px 10%;
            border-collapse: collapse;
            border: 1px solid #aaa;
            background: #DFE8FF;
        }

        table.cmbox-notice {
            background: #D8E8FF;
        }

        table.cmbox-speedy {
            margin-top: 4px;
            margin-bottom: 4px;
            border: 4px solid #b22222;
            background: #FFDBDB;
        }

        table.cmbox-delete {
            background: #FFDBDB;
        }

        table.cmbox-content {
            background: #FFE7CE;
        }

        table.cmbox-style {
            background: #FFF9DB;
        }

        table.cmbox-move {
            background: #E4D8FF;
        }

        table.cmbox-protection {
            background: #EFEFE1;
        }

        table.ombox {
            margin: 4px 10%;
            border-collapse: collapse;
            border: 1px solid #aaa;
            background: #f9f9f9;
        }

        table.ombox-notice {
            border: 1px solid #aaa;
        }

        table.ombox-speedy {
            border: 2px solid #b22222;
            background: #fee;
        }

        table.ombox-delete {
            border: 2px solid #b22222;
        }

        table.ombox-content {
            border: 1px solid #f28500;
        }

        table.ombox-style {
            border: 1px solid #f4c430;
        }

        table.ombox-move {
            border: 1px solid #9932cc;
        }

        table.ombox-protection {
            border: 2px solid #bba;
        }

        table.tmbox {
            margin: 4px 10%;
            border-collapse: collapse;
            border: 1px solid #c0c090;
            background: #f8eaba;
        }

        .mediawiki .mbox-inside .tmbox {
            margin: 2px 0;
            width: 100%;
        }

        .mbox-inside .tmbox.mbox-small {
            line-height: 1.5em;
            font-size: 100%;
        }

        table.tmbox-speedy {
            border: 2px solid #b22222;
            background: #fee;
        }

        table.tmbox-delete {
            border: 2px solid #b22222;
        }

        table.tmbox-content {
            border: 2px solid #f28500;
        }

        table.tmbox-style {
            border: 2px solid #f4c430;
        }

        table.tmbox-move {
            border: 2px solid #9932cc;
        }

        table.tmbox-protection, table.tmbox-notice {
            border: 1px solid #c0c090;
        }

        table.dmbox {
            clear: both;
            margin: 0.9em 1em;
            border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
            border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
            background: transparent;
        }

        table.fmbox {
            clear: both;
            margin: 0.2em 0;
            width: 100%;
            border: 1px solid #aaa;
            background: #f9f9f9;
        }

        table.fmbox-system {
            background: #f9f9f9;
        }

        table.fmbox-warning {
            border: 1px solid #bb7070;
            background: #ffdbdb;
        }

        table.fmbox-editnotice {
            background: transparent;
        }

        div.mw-warning-with-logexcerpt, div.mw-lag-warn-high, div.mw-cascadeprotectedwarning, div#mw-protect-cascadeon {
            clear: both;
            margin: 0.2em 0;
            border: 1px solid #bb7070;
            background: #ffdbdb;
            padding: 0.25em 0.9em;
        }

        div.mw-lag-warn-normal, div.fmbox-system {
            clear: both;
            margin: 0.2em 0;
            border: 1px solid #aaa;
            background: #f9f9f9;
            padding: 0.25em 0.9em;
        }

        body.mediawiki table.mbox-small {
            clear: right;
            float: right;
            margin: 4px 0 4px 1em;
            width: 238px;
            font-size: 88%;
            line-height: 1.25em;
        }

        body.mediawiki table.mbox-small-left {
            margin: 4px 1em 4px 0;
            width: 238px;
            border-collapse: collapse;
            font-size: 88%;
            line-height: 1.25em;
        }

        .compact-ambox table .mbox-image, .compact-ambox table .mbox-imageright, .compact-ambox table .mbox-empty-cell {
            display: none;
        }

        .compact-ambox table.ambox {
            border: none;
            border-collapse: collapse;
            background: transparent;
            margin: 0 0 0 1.6em !important;
            padding: 0 !important;
            width: auto;
            display: block;
        }

        body.mediawiki .compact-ambox table.mbox-small-left {
            font-size: 100%;
            width: auto;
            margin: 0;
        }

        .compact-ambox table .mbox-text {
            padding: 0 !important;
            margin: 0 !important;
        }

        .compact-ambox table .mbox-text-span {
            display: list-item;
            line-height: 1.5em;
            list-style-type: square;
            list-style-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins/common/images/bullet.gif);
        }

        .skin-vector .compact-ambox table .mbox-text-span {
            list-style-type: circle;
            list-style-image: url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins/vector/images/bullet-icon.png);
        }

        .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact {
            display: none;
        }

        div.noarticletext {
            border: none;
            background: transparent;
            padding: 0;
        }

        .visualhide {
            position: absolute;
            left: -10000px;
            top: auto;
            width: 1px;
            height: 1px;
            overflow: hidden;
        }

        #wpSave {
            font-weight: bold;
        }

        .hiddenStructure {
            display: inline !important;
            color: #f00;
            background-color: #0f0;
        }

        .check-icon a.new {
            display: none;
            speak: none;
        }

        .nounderlines a, .IPA a:link, .IPA a:visited {
            text-decoration: none !important;
        }

        div.NavFrame {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 4px;
            border: 1px solid #aaa;
            text-align: center;
            border-collapse: collapse;
            font-size: 95%;
        }

            div.NavFrame + div.NavFrame {
                border-top-style: none;
                border-top-style: hidden;
            }

        div.NavPic {
            background-color: #fff;
            margin: 0;
            padding: 2px;
            float: left;
        }

        div.NavFrame div.NavHead {
            height: 1.6em;
            font-weight: bold;
            background-color: #ccf;
            position: relative;
        }

        div.NavFrame p, div.NavFrame div.NavContent, div.NavFrame div.NavContent p {
            font-size: 100%;
        }

        div.NavEnd {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            line-height: 1px;
            clear: both;
        }

        a.NavToggle {
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            right: 3px;
            font-weight: normal;
            font-size: 90%;
        }

        .rellink, .dablink {
            font-style: italic;
            padding-left: 1.6em;
            margin-bottom: 0.5em;
        }

            .rellink i, .dablink i {
                font-style: normal;
            }

        .listify td {
            display: list-item;
        }

        .listify tr {
            display: block;
        }

        .listify table {
            display: block;
        }

        .geo-default, .geo-dms, .geo-dec {
            display: inline;
        }

        .geo-nondefault, .geo-multi-punct {
            display: none;
        }

        .longitude, .latitude {
            white-space: nowrap;
        }

        .nonumtoc .tocnumber {
            display: none;
        }

        .nonumtoc #toc ul, .nonumtoc .toc ul {
            line-height: 1.5em;
            list-style: none none;
            margin: .3em 0 0;
            padding: 0;
        }

        .hlist.nonumtoc #toc ul ul, .hlist.nonumtoc .toc ul ul {
            margin: 0;
        }

        .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul, .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul, .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul, .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul, .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul, .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul {
            display: none;
        }

        blockquote.templatequote {
            margin-top: 0;
        }

            blockquote.templatequote div.templatequotecite {
                line-height: 1.5em;
                text-align: left;
                padding-left: 1.6em;
                margin-top: 0;
            }

        div.user-block {
            padding: 5px;
            margin-bottom: 0.5em;
            border: 1px solid #A9A9A9;
            background-color: #FFEFD5;
        }

        .nowrap, .nowraplinks a, .nowraplinks .selflink, sup.reference a {
            white-space: nowrap;
        }

        .wrap, .wraplinks a {
            white-space: normal;
        }

        .template-documentation {
            clear: both;
            margin: 1em 0 0 0;
            border: 1px solid #aaa;
            background-color: #ecfcf4;
            padding: 1em;
        }

        .imagemap-inline div {
            display: inline;
        }

        #wpUploadDescription {
            height: 13em;
        }

        .thumbinner {
            min-width: 100px;
        }

        div.thumb .thumbimage {
            background-color: #fff;
        }

        div#content .gallerybox div.thumb {
            background-color: #F9F9F9;
        }

        .gallerybox .thumb img {
            background: #fff url(http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins/common/images/Checker-16x16.png) repeat;
        }

        .ns-0 .gallerybox .thumb img, .ns-2 .gallerybox .thumb img, .ns-100 .gallerybox .thumb img, .nochecker .gallerybox .thumb img {
            background: #fff;
        }

        #mw-subcategories, #mw-pages, #mw-category-media, #filehistory, #wikiPreview, #wikiDiff {
            clear: both;
        }

        body.rtl #mw-articlefeedbackv5, body.rtl #mw-articlefeedback {
            display: block;
            margin-bottom: 1em;
            clear: right;
            float: right;
        }

        .wpb .wpb-header {
            display: none;
        }

        .wpbs-inner .wpb .wpb-header {
            display: block;
        }

        .wpbs-inner .wpb .wpb-header {
            display: table-row;
        }

        .wpbs-inner .wpb-outside {
            display: none;
        }

        .mw-tag-markers {
            font-family: sans-serif;
            font-style: italic;
            font-size: 90%;
        }

        .sysop-show, .accountcreator-show, .templateeditor-show, .autoconfirmed-show {
            display: none;
        }

        .ve-ui-mwNoticesPopupTool-item .editnotice-redlink {
            display: none !important;
        }

        ul.permissions-errors > li {
            list-style: none none;
        }

        ul.permissions-errors {
            margin: 0;
        }

        body.page-Special_UserLogin .mw-label label, body.page-Special_UserLogin_signup .mw-label label {
            white-space: nowrap;
        }

        .transborder {
            border: solid transparent;
        }

        * html .transborder {
            border: solid #000001;
            filter: chroma(color=#000001);
        }

        .updatedmarker {
            background-color: transparent;
            color: #006400;
        }

        li.mw-changeslist-line-watched .mw-title, table.mw-changeslist-line-watched .mw-title, table.mw-enhanced-watch .mw-enhanced-rctime {
            font-weight: normal;
        }

        .times-serif, span.texhtml {
            font-family: "Nimbus Roman No9 L","Times New Roman",Times,serif;
            font-size: 118%;
        }

        span.texhtml {
            white-space: nowrap;
        }

            span.texhtml span.texhtml {
                font-size: 100%;
            }

        .digits, .texhtml {
            -moz-font-feature-settings: "lnum","tnum";
            -webkit-font-feature-settings: "lnum","tnum";
            font-feature-settings: "lnum","tnum";
        }

        div.mw-geshi div, div.mw-geshi div pre, span.mw-geshi, pre.source-css, pre.source-javascript, pre.source-lua {
            font-family: monospace,Courier !important;
            -moz-tab-size: 4;
            -o-tab-size: 4;
            tab-size: 4;
        }

        table#mw-prefixindex-list-table, table#mw-prefixindex-nav-table {
            width: 98%;
        }

        .portal-column-left {
            float: left;
            width: 50%;
        }

        .portal-column-right {
            float: right;
            width: 49%;
        }

        .portal-column-left-wide {
            float: left;
            width: 60%;
        }

        .portal-column-right-narrow {
            float: right;
            width: 39%;
        }

        .portal-column-left-extra-wide {
            float: left;
            width: 70%;
        }

        .portal-column-right-extra-narrow {
            float: right;
            width: 29%;
        }

        @media only screen and (max-width:800px) {
            .portal-column-left, .portal-column-right, .portal-column-left-wide, .portal-column-right-narrow, .portal-column-left-extra-wide, .portal-column-right-extra-narrow {
                float: inherit;
                width: inherit;
            }
        }

        #bodyContent .letterhead {
            background-image: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Tan-page-corner.png);
            background-repeat: no-repeat;
            padding: 2em;
            background-color: #faf9f2;
        }

        .treeview ul {
            padding: 0;
            margin: 0;
        }

        .treeview li {
            padding: 0;
            margin: 0;
            list-style-type: none;
            list-style-image: none;
            zoom: 1;
        }

            .treeview li li {
                background: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png) no-repeat 0 -2981px;
                padding-left: 20px;
                text-indent: 0.3em;
            }

                .treeview li li.lastline {
                    background-position: 0 -5971px;
                }

            .treeview li.emptyline > ul {
                margin-left: -1px;
            }

                .treeview li.emptyline > ul > li:first-child {
                    background-position: 0 9px;
                }

        td .sortkey, th .sortkey {
            display: none;
            speak: none;
        }

        .inputbox-hidecheckboxes form .inputbox-element {
            display: none !important;
        }

        #editpage-specialchars {
            display: none;
        }

        .k-player .k-attribution {
            visibility: hidden;
        }

        @media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:1.5),(min--moz-device-pixel-ratio:1.5),(min-resolution:1.5dppx) {
            #p-logo a {
                background-image: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.svg/204px-Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.svg.png) !important;
                background-size: 136px auto;
            }
        }

        @media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:2),(min--moz-device-pixel-ratio:2),(min-resolution:2dppx) {
            #p-logo a {
                background-image: url(http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.svg/270px-Wikipedia-logo-v2-en.svg.png) !important;
                background-size: 135px auto;
            }
        }

        div#content h1 {
            margin-top: 1em;
        }

        div#content #firstHeading {
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        body.page-Main_Page #deleteconfirm, body.page-Main_Page #t-cite, body.page-Main_Page #footer-info-lastmod, body.action-view.page-Main_Page #siteSub, body.action-view.page-Main_Page #contentSub, body.action-view.page-Main_Page h1.firstHeading {
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            padding: 0;
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            font-size: 85%;
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        div.flaggedrevs_short {
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            z-index: 1;
            margin-left: 0;
            margin-right: -10px;
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        body.rtl #spoken-icon, body.rtl #commons-icon {
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            table.collapsible tr {
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            #firstHeading {
                margin: 0px;
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        <a id="top"></a><div id="mw-js-message" style="display:none;"></div><div id="siteNotice"><!--//--></div><h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en"><span dir="auto">List of Presidents of the United States</span></h1><div id="bodyContent">
            <div id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div><div id="contentSub"></div><div id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump">Jump to: <a href="#mw-navigation">navigation</a>, <a href="#p-search">search</a></div><div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
                <div class="dablink">"Presidents of the United States," "American Presidents," and "U.S. Presidents" redirect here. For the <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a> series, see <i><a href="/wiki/American_Presidents:_Life_Portraits" title="American Presidents: Life Portraits">American Presidents: Life Portraits</a></i>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States_(disambiguation)" title="President of the United States (disambiguation)">President of the United States (disambiguation)</a>.</div><div class="dablink">For lists of U.S. Presidents based on other criteria such as age or home state, see <a href="/wiki/Template:Lists_of_US_Presidents_and_Vice_Presidents" title="Template:Lists of US Presidents and Vice Presidents">Template:Lists of US Presidents and Vice Presidents</a>.</div><div class="metadata topicon nopopups" id="protected-icon" style="display:none; right:55px;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Padlock-silver.svg/20px-Padlock-silver.svg.png" width="20" height="20" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Padlock-silver.svg/30px-Padlock-silver.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Padlock-silver.svg/40px-Padlock-silver.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></div><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:312px;"><a href="/wiki/File:WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG/310px-WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG" width="310" height="230" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG/465px-WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG/620px-WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1614" data-file-height="1196" /></a><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="//bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.23wmf22/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" height="11" alt="" /></a></div>The <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>, the president's official residence and center of the administration</div></div></div><p>Under the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a>, the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> and <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. As chief of the executive branch and head of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal government</a> as a whole, the presidency is the highest political office in the United States by influence and recognition. The president is also the <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-chief" title="Commander-in-chief">commander-in-chief</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States Armed Forces</a>. The president is <a href="/wiki/Indirect_election" title="Indirect election">indirectly elected</a> to a four-year <a href="/wiki/Term_of_office" title="Term of office">term</a> by an <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" title="Electoral College (United States)">Electoral College</a> (or by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> should the Electoral College fail to award an absolute majority of votes to any person). Since the ratification of the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-second_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution">Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution</a> in 1951, no person may be elected President more than twice, and no one who has served more than two years of a term to which someone else was elected may be elected more than once.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> Upon the death, resignation, or removal from office of an incumbent President, the <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a> assumes the office. The President must be at least 35 years of age, has to live in the United States for 14 years, and has to be a "natural born" citizen of the United States.</p><p>This list includes only those persons who were sworn into office as president following the ratification of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a>, which took effect on March 4, 1789. For American leaders before this ratification, see <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Continental_Congress" title="President of the Continental Congress">President of the Continental Congress</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> The list does not include any <a href="/wiki/Acting_President_of_the_United_States" title="Acting President of the United States">Acting Presidents</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution</a>.</p><p>There have been 43 people sworn into office, and 44 presidencies, as <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> served two non-consecutive terms and is counted chronologically as both the 22nd and 24th president. Of the individuals elected as president, four died in office of natural causes (<a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Zachary_Taylor.2C_Virginia_Univ_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zachary_Taylor.2C_Virginia_Univ-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Warren G. Harding</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a>), four were <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_assassination_attempts_and_plots" title="List of United States presidential assassination attempts and plots">assassinated</a> (<a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-smithsonianmag1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smithsonianmag1-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">James A. Garfield</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-smithsonianmag1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smithsonianmag1-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>) and one resigned (<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup></p><p><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>, the first president, was inaugurated in 1789 after a unanimous vote of the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" title="Electoral College (United States)">Electoral College</a>. William Henry Harrison spent the shortest time in office with 32 days in 1841. Franklin D. Roosevelt spent the longest with over twelve years, but died shortly into his fourth term in 1945; he is the only president to have served more than two terms. A <a href="/wiki/Twenty-second_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution">constitutional amendment</a>, affecting presidents after Harry Truman, was passed to limit the number of times an individual can be elected president. Andrew Jackson, the seventh president, was the first to be <a href="/wiki/Universal_manhood_suffrage" title="Universal manhood suffrage">elected by men of all classes</a> in 1828 after most laws barring non-land-owners from voting were repealed. Warren Harding was the first elected after women gained <a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution">voting rights in 1920</a>. Four presidents – John Q. Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Benjamin Harrison and George W. Bush – lost the popular vote but assumed office. John F. Kennedy has been the only president of <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> faith, and the current president, <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>, is the first president of recent <a href="/wiki/African_people" title="African people" class="mw-redirect">African</a> descent.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup></p>
                <p>The listing below is complete for the current government of the USA. For this country, however, there were prior governments (including that under the <a href="/wiki/Articles_of_Confederation" title="Articles of Confederation">Articles of Confederation</a>). Prior to George Washington as first president under the current constitution, there were <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Continental_Congress#List_of_presidents" title="President of the Continental Congress">twelve people</a> in leadership over the government of the United States of America who held the title of "President". Also during the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Civil_War" title="U.S. Civil War" class="mw-redirect">Civil War</a>, there was the position of "<a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America" title="President of the Confederate States of America">President of the Confederate States of America</a>" in an entity separate from the USA, and this position was held by <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis" title="Jefferson Davis">one person</a>.</p>
                <p></p>
                <div id="toc" class="toc">
                    <div id="toctitle">
                        <h2>Contents</h2>
                    </div>
                    <ul>
                        <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#List_of_presidents"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">List of presidents</span></a></li>
                        <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Living_former_presidents"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Living former presidents</span></a></li>
                        <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
                        <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li>
                        <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
                        <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
                <p></p>
                <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="List_of_presidents">List of presidents</span></h2>
                <dl>
                    <dt>Parties</dt>
                </dl>
                <p><span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:#EEEEEE; color:black;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" title="Independent (politician)">No party</a></span> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:#EA9978; color:black;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Federalist_Party" title="Federalist Party">Federalist</a></span> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:#008000; color:black;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">Democratic-Republican</a></span> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:#3333FF; color:black;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></span> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:#E3FF2A; color:black;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a></span> <span style="margin:0px; font-size:90%;"><span style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color:#FF3333; color:black;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></span></p>
                <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;">
                    <tr>
                        <th>№</th>
                        <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a></th>
                        <th>Took office</th>
                        <th>Left office</th>
                        <th>Party</th>
                        <th>
                            Term<br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-num_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-num-11"><span>[</span>n 1<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </th>
                        <th>Previous office</th>
                        <th colspan="2" style="width: 18%;"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></th>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #EEEEEE;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_Washington" title="Presidency of George Washington">1</a></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-7px;left:-0px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:George-Washington.jpg" class="image"><img alt="George-Washington.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/George-Washington.jpg/100px-George-Washington.jpg" width="100" height="132" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/George-Washington.jpg/150px-George-Washington.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/George-Washington.jpg 2x" data-file-width="190" data-file-height="251" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2" style="width: 16%;">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1732–1799)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 30, 1789</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-Washington-term_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Washington-term-15"><span>[</span>n 2<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1797</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><i>Independent</i><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup></td>
                        <td>
                            1<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1788%E2%80%931789" title="United States presidential election, 1788–1789">1789</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Commander-in-Chief <span style="white-space: nowrap;">of the Continental Army</span></a><br />
                            <small>(1775–1783)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #EEEEEE;">&#160;</td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            2<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1792" title="United States presidential election, 1792">1792</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #EA9978;"></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #EA9978;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_Adams" title="Presidency of John Adams" class="mw-redirect"><span style="color:white">2</span></a></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-3px;left:-5px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_031029-N-6236G-001_A_painting_of_President_John_Adams_(1735-1826),_2nd_president_of_the_United_States,_by_Asher_B._Durand_(1767-1845)-crop.jpg" class="image"><img alt="US Navy 031029-N-6236G-001 A painting of President John Adams (1735-1826), 2nd president of the United States, by Asher B. Durand (1767-1845)-crop.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/US_Navy_031029-N-6236G-001_A_painting_of_President_John_Adams_%281735-1826%29%2C_2nd_president_of_the_United_States%2C_by_Asher_B._Durand_%281767-1845%29-crop.jpg/115px-US_Navy_031029-N-6236G-001_A_painting_of_President_John_Adams_%281735-1826%29%2C_2nd_president_of_the_United_States%2C_by_Asher_B._Durand_%281767-1845%29-crop.jpg" width="115" height="145" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/US_Navy_031029-N-6236G-001_A_painting_of_President_John_Adams_%281735-1826%29%2C_2nd_president_of_the_United_States%2C_by_Asher_B._Durand_%281767-1845%29-crop.jpg/173px-US_Navy_031029-N-6236G-001_A_painting_of_President_John_Adams_%281735-1826%29%2C_2nd_president_of_the_United_States%2C_by_Asher_B._Durand_%281767-1845%29-crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/US_Navy_031029-N-6236G-001_A_painting_of_President_John_Adams_%281735-1826%29%2C_2nd_president_of_the_United_States%2C_by_Asher_B._Durand_%281767-1845%29-crop.jpg/230px-US_Navy_031029-N-6236G-001_A_painting_of_President_John_Adams_%281735-1826%29%2C_2nd_president_of_the_United_States%2C_by_Asher_B._Durand_%281767-1845%29-crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1585" data-file-height="1993" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1735–1826)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1797</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1801</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-unseated_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unseated-20"><span>[</span>n 3<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Party" title="Federalist Party">Federalist</a></td>
                        <td>
                            3<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1796" title="United States presidential election, 1796">1796</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></td>
                        <td style="background: #008000;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #008000;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Presidency of Thomas Jefferson"><span style="color:white">3</span></a></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-18px;left:-20px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Jefferson_by_Rembrandt_Peale,_1800.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Thomas Jefferson by Rembrandt Peale, 1800.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Thomas_Jefferson_by_Rembrandt_Peale%2C_1800.jpg/148px-Thomas_Jefferson_by_Rembrandt_Peale%2C_1800.jpg" width="148" height="177" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Thomas_Jefferson_by_Rembrandt_Peale%2C_1800.jpg/222px-Thomas_Jefferson_by_Rembrandt_Peale%2C_1800.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Thomas_Jefferson_by_Rembrandt_Peale%2C_1800.jpg/296px-Thomas_Jefferson_by_Rembrandt_Peale%2C_1800.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2512" data-file-height="2996" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1743–1826)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span>[</span>20<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1801</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1809</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">
                                Democratic-<br />
                                Republican
                            </a>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            4<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1800" title="United States presidential election, 1800">1800</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></td>
                        <td style="background: #008000;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Burr" title="Aaron Burr">Aaron Burr</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1801</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1805</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            5<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1804" title="United States presidential election, 1804">1804</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #008000;"></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/George_Clinton_(vice_president)" title="George Clinton (vice president)">George Clinton</a><sup id="cite_ref-died_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-died-24"><span>[</span>n 4<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1805</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 20, 1812</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="4" style="background: #008000;"><span style="color:white">4</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="4">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-25px;left:-25px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:James_Madison.jpg" class="image"><img alt="James Madison.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/James_Madison.jpg/157px-James_Madison.jpg" width="157" height="191" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/James_Madison.jpg/236px-James_Madison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/James_Madison.jpg/314px-James_Madison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2465" data-file-height="3000" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="4">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1751–1836)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span>[</span>21<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span>[</span>22<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span>[</span>23<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="4"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1809</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="4"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1817</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="4">
                            <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">
                                Democratic-<br />
                                Republican
                            </a>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            6<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1808" title="United States presidential election, 1808">1808</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="4">
                            <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a><br />
                            <small>(1801–1809)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #008000;">&#160;</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 20, 1812</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1813</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            7<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1812" title="United States presidential election, 1812">1812</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #008000;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Elbridge_Gerry" title="Elbridge Gerry">Elbridge Gerry</a><sup id="cite_ref-died_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-died-24"><span>[</span>n 4<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1813</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 23, 1814</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 23, 1814</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1817</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #008000;"><span style="color:white">5</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-25px;left:-35px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:James_Monroe_White_House_portrait_1819.gif" class="image"><img alt="James Monroe White House portrait 1819.gif" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/James_Monroe_White_House_portrait_1819.gif/170px-James_Monroe_White_House_portrait_1819.gif" width="170" height="205" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/James_Monroe_White_House_portrait_1819.gif/255px-James_Monroe_White_House_portrait_1819.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/James_Monroe_White_House_portrait_1819.gif/340px-James_Monroe_White_House_portrait_1819.gif 2x" data-file-width="2491" data-file-height="3000" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1758–1831)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span>[</span>24<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span>[</span>25<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span>[</span>26<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1817</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1825</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">
                                Democratic-<br />
                                Republican
                            </a>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            8<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1816" title="United States presidential election, 1816">1816</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a><br />
                            <small>(1811–1817)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2" style="background: #008000;"></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_D._Tompkins" title="Daniel D. Tompkins">Daniel D. Tompkins</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            9<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1820" title="United States presidential election, 1820">1820</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #008000;"><span style="color:white">6</span></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-15px;left:-5px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:John_Quincy_Adams.jpg" class="image"><img alt="John Quincy Adams.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/John_Quincy_Adams.jpg/120px-John_Quincy_Adams.jpg" width="120" height="146" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/John_Quincy_Adams.jpg/180px-John_Quincy_Adams.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/John_Quincy_Adams.jpg 2x" data-file-width="233" data-file-height="284" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1767–1848)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span>[</span>27<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span>[</span>28<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span>[</span>29<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1825</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1829</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-unseated_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unseated-20"><span>[</span>n 3<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Democratic-Republican_Party" title="Democratic-Republican Party">
                                Democratic-<br />
                                Republican
                            </a>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            10<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1824" title="United States presidential election, 1824">1824</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a><br />
                            <small>(1817–1825)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #008000;"></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a><sup id="cite_ref-resigned_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-resigned-35"><span>[</span>n 6<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1825</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">December 28, 1832</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="3" style="background: #3333FF;"><span style="color:white">7</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="3">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-12px;left:-15px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Andrew_Jackson.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Andrew Jackson.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Andrew_Jackson.jpg/140px-Andrew_Jackson.jpg" width="140" height="170" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Andrew_Jackson.jpg/210px-Andrew_Jackson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Andrew_Jackson.jpg/280px-Andrew_Jackson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="739" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="3">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1767–1845)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span>[</span>30<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span>[</span>31<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span>[</span>32<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="3"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1829</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="3"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1837</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            11<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1828" title="United States presidential election, 1828">1828</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="3">
                            <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> <span class="detail 2" style="display: none;">(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 2</a>)</span> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space: nowrap;">from <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a></span><br />
                            <small>(1823–1825)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;">&#160;</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">December 28, 1832</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1833</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            12<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1832" title="United States presidential election, 1832">1832</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1833</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1837</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #3333FF;"><span style="color:white">8</span></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-15px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:MartinVanBuren.png" class="image"><img alt="MartinVanBuren.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/MartinVanBuren.png/130px-MartinVanBuren.png" width="130" height="151" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/MartinVanBuren.png/195px-MartinVanBuren.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/MartinVanBuren.png/260px-MartinVanBuren.png 2x" data-file-width="853" data-file-height="993" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1782–1862)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span>[</span>33<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span>[</span>34<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span>[</span>35<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1837</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1841</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-unseated_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unseated-20"><span>[</span>n 3<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td>
                            13<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1836" title="United States presidential election, 1836">1836</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mentor_Johnson" title="Richard Mentor Johnson">Richard Mentor Johnson</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #E3FF2A;">9</th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-15px;left:-20px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:William_Henry_Harrison.jpg" class="image"><img alt="William Henry Harrison.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/William_Henry_Harrison.jpg/142px-William_Henry_Harrison.jpg" width="142" height="189" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/William_Henry_Harrison.jpg/213px-William_Henry_Harrison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/William_Henry_Harrison.jpg/284px-William_Henry_Harrison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="500" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1773–1841)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span>[</span>36<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span>[</span>37<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span>[</span>38<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1841</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 4, 1841</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-died_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-died-24"><span>[</span>n 4<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="3">
                            14<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1840" title="United States presidential election, 1840">1840</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Colombia" title="United States Ambassador to Colombia">Minister to Colombia</a><br />
                            <small>(1828–1829)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #E3FF2A;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #E3FF2A;">10</th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-65px;left:-108px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:WHOportTyler.jpg" class="image"><img alt="WHOportTyler.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/WHOportTyler.jpg/318px-WHOportTyler.jpg" width="318" height="420" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/WHOportTyler.jpg/477px-WHOportTyler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/WHOportTyler.jpg/636px-WHOportTyler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2273" data-file-height="3000" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1790–1862)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span>[</span>39<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span>[</span>40<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span>[</span>41<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 4, 1841</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1845</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 4, 1841</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">September 13, 1841</span></small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-John_Tyler_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-John_Tyler-48"><span>[</span>n 7<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            <i>Independent</i><sup id="cite_ref-John_Tyler-party_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-John_Tyler-party-49"><span>[</span>n 8<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">September 13, 1841</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1845</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #3333FF;"><span style="color:white">11</span></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-6px;left:-22px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:JamesKPolk.png" class="image"><img alt="JamesKPolk.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/JamesKPolk.png/148px-JamesKPolk.png" width="148" height="177" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/JamesKPolk.png/222px-JamesKPolk.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/JamesKPolk.png/296px-JamesKPolk.png 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="765" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">James K. Polk</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1795–1849)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span>[</span>42<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span>[</span>43<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span>[</span>44<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1845</span></td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1849</span></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td>
                            15<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1844" title="United States presidential election, 1844">1844</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tennessee" title="Governor of Tennessee">Governor of Tennessee</a><br />
                            <small>(1839–1841)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/George_M._Dallas" title="George M. Dallas">George M. Dallas</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #E3FF2A;">12</th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-10px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Zachary_Taylor-circa1850.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Zachary Taylor-circa1850.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Zachary_Taylor-circa1850.jpg/125px-Zachary_Taylor-circa1850.jpg" width="125" height="153" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Zachary_Taylor-circa1850.jpg/188px-Zachary_Taylor-circa1850.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Zachary_Taylor-circa1850.jpg/250px-Zachary_Taylor-circa1850.jpg 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="810" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1784–1850)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span>[</span>45<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span>[</span>46<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span>[</span>47<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1849</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">July 9, 1850</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-died_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-died-24"><span>[</span>n 4<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            16<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1848" title="United States presidential election, 1848">1848</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Major_general_(United_States)" title="Major general (United States)">U.S. Army Major general</a> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space: nowrap;">from the <a href="/wiki/1st_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="1st Infantry Regiment (United States)">1st Infantry Regiment</a></span><br />
                            <small>(1846–1849)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #E3FF2A;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #E3FF2A;">13</th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-7px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Fillmore.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Fillmore.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Fillmore.jpg/120px-Fillmore.jpg" width="120" height="152" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Fillmore.jpg/180px-Fillmore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Fillmore.jpg/240px-Fillmore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1556" data-file-height="1975" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1800–1874)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span>[</span>48<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span>[</span>49<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span>[</span>50<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">July 9, 1850</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1853</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-broke_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-broke-59"><span>[</span>n 9<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig</a></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></td>
                        <td colspan="2"><i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"><span style="color:white">14</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-12px;left:-75px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Franklin_Pierce.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Franklin Pierce.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Franklin_Pierce.jpg/240px-Franklin_Pierce.jpg" width="240" height="287" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Franklin_Pierce.jpg/360px-Franklin_Pierce.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Franklin_Pierce.jpg/480px-Franklin_Pierce.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2882" data-file-height="3451" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Pierce" title="Franklin Pierce">Franklin Pierce</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1804–1869)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span>[</span>51<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span>[</span>52<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span>[</span>53<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1853</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1857</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            17<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1852" title="United States presidential election, 1852">1852</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general_(United_States)" title="Brigadier general (United States)">U.S. Army Brigadier general</a> <span style="white-space: nowrap;">from the <a href="/wiki/9th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="9th Infantry Regiment (United States)">9th Infantry Regiment</a></span><br />
                            <small>(1847-1848)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/William_R._King" title="William R. King">William R. King</a><sup id="cite_ref-died_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-died-24"><span>[</span>n 4<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1853</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 18, 1853</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 18, 1853</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1857</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #3333FF;"><span style="color:white">15</span></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-22px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:James_Buchanan.jpg" class="image"><img alt="James Buchanan.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/James_Buchanan.jpg/145px-James_Buchanan.jpg" width="145" height="158" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/James_Buchanan.jpg/218px-James_Buchanan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/James_Buchanan.jpg/290px-James_Buchanan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="627" data-file-height="682" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">James Buchanan</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1791–1868)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span>[</span>54<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span>[</span>55<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span>[</span>56<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1857</span></td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1861</span></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td>
                            18<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1856" title="United States presidential election, 1856">1856</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_the_United_Kingdom" title="United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom">Minister to the United Kingdom</a><br />
                            <small>(1853–1856)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">John C. Breckinridge</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #FF3333;"><span style="color:white">16</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-7px;left:-10px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Abraham_Lincoln_November_1863.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Abraham Lincoln November 1863.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Abraham_Lincoln_November_1863.jpg/130px-Abraham_Lincoln_November_1863.jpg" width="130" height="160" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Abraham_Lincoln_November_1863.jpg/195px-Abraham_Lincoln_November_1863.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Abraham_Lincoln_November_1863.jpg/260px-Abraham_Lincoln_November_1863.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1332" data-file-height="1644" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1809–1865)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span>[</span>57<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span>[</span>58<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span>[</span>59<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1861</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 15, 1865</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-assassinated_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-assassinated-69"><span>[</span>n 10<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td>
                            19<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1860" title="United States presidential election, 1860">1860</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. Representative</a></span> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space: nowrap;">from <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a><span class="detail 2" style="display: none;">' <a href="/wiki/Illinois%27_7th_congressional_district" title="Illinois' 7th congressional district" class="mw-redirect">7th</a></span></span><br />
                            <small>(1847–1849)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Hamlin" title="Hannibal Hamlin">Hannibal Hamlin</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1861</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1865</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a><br />
                            <small><a href="/wiki/National_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="National Union Party (United States)">National Union</a></small><sup id="cite_ref-union_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-union-70"><span>[</span>n 11<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            20<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1864" title="United States presidential election, 1864">1864</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1865</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 15, 1865</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #3333FF;"><span style="color:white">17</span></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-0px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:President_Andrew_Johnson.jpg" class="image"><img alt="President Andrew Johnson.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/President_Andrew_Johnson.jpg/100px-President_Andrew_Johnson.jpg" width="100" height="133" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/President_Andrew_Johnson.jpg/150px-President_Andrew_Johnson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/President_Andrew_Johnson.jpg/200px-President_Andrew_Johnson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1617" data-file-height="2156" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1808–1875)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span>[</span>60<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span>[</span>61<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span>[</span>62<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 15, 1865</span></td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1869</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a><br />
                            <small><a href="/wiki/National_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="National Union Party (United States)">National Union</a></small><sup id="cite_ref-union_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-union-70"><span>[</span>n 11<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <i>Independent</i><sup id="cite_ref-Andrew_Johnson-party_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andrew_Johnson-party-74"><span>[</span>n 12<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></td>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="3" style="background: #FF3333;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant"><span style="color:white">18</span></a></th>
                        <td rowspan="3">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:133px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-6px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:UlyssesGrant.png" class="image"><img alt="UlyssesGrant.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/UlyssesGrant.png/125px-UlyssesGrant.png" width="125" height="143" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/UlyssesGrant.png/188px-UlyssesGrant.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/UlyssesGrant.png/250px-UlyssesGrant.png 2x" data-file-width="897" data-file-height="1029" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="3">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1822–1885)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span>[</span>63<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span>[</span>64<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span>[</span>65<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="3"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1869</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="3"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1877</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td>
                            21<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1868" title="United States presidential election, 1868">1868</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="3">
                            <a href="/wiki/Commanding_General_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Commanding General of the United States Army">Commanding General <span style="white-space: nowrap;">of the U.S. Army</span></a><br />
                            <small>(1864–1869)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Schuyler Colfax</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1869</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1873</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            22<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1872" title="United States presidential election, 1872">1872</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilson" title="Henry Wilson">Henry Wilson</a><sup id="cite_ref-died_24-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-died-24"><span>[</span>n 4<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1873</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 22, 1875</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 22, 1875</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1877</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #FF3333;"><span style="color:white">19</span></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-9px;left:-38px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:President_Rutherford_Hayes_1870_-_1880.jpg" class="image"><img alt="President Rutherford Hayes 1870 - 1880.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/President_Rutherford_Hayes_1870_-_1880.jpg/168px-President_Rutherford_Hayes_1870_-_1880.jpg" width="168" height="204" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/President_Rutherford_Hayes_1870_-_1880.jpg/252px-President_Rutherford_Hayes_1870_-_1880.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/President_Rutherford_Hayes_1870_-_1880.jpg/336px-President_Rutherford_Hayes_1870_-_1880.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3031" data-file-height="3688" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Rutherford B. Hayes</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1822–1893)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span>[</span>66<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span>[</span>67<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span>[</span>68<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1877</span></td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1881</span></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td>
                            23<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1876" title="United States presidential election, 1876">1876</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Ohio" title="List of Governors of Ohio">Governor of Ohio</a><br />
                            <small>(1868–1872, 1876–1877)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/William_A._Wheeler" title="William A. Wheeler">William A. Wheeler</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #FF3333;"><span style="color:white">20</span></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-7px;left:-17px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:James_Abram_Garfield,_photo_portrait_seated.jpg" class="image"><img alt="James Abram Garfield, photo portrait seated.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/James_Abram_Garfield%2C_photo_portrait_seated.jpg/140px-James_Abram_Garfield%2C_photo_portrait_seated.jpg" width="140" height="177" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/James_Abram_Garfield%2C_photo_portrait_seated.jpg/210px-James_Abram_Garfield%2C_photo_portrait_seated.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/James_Abram_Garfield%2C_photo_portrait_seated.jpg/280px-James_Abram_Garfield%2C_photo_portrait_seated.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3182" data-file-height="4034" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">James A. Garfield</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1831–1881)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span>[</span>69<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span>[</span>70<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span>[</span>71<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1881</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">September 19, 1881</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-assassinated_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-assassinated-69"><span>[</span>n 10<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            24<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1880" title="United States presidential election, 1880">1880</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. Representative</a></span> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space: nowrap;">from <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a><span class="detail 2" style="display: none;">'s <a href="/wiki/Ohio%27s_19th_congressional_district" title="Ohio's 19th congressional district">19th</a></span></span><br />
                            <small>(1863–1881)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Chester A. Arthur</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #FF3333;"><span style="color:white">21</span></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-27px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Chester Alan Arthur.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg/150px-Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg" width="150" height="174" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg/225px-Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg/300px-Chester_Alan_Arthur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2763" data-file-height="3206" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Chester A. Arthur</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1829–1886)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span>[</span>72<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span>[</span>73<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span>[</span>74<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">September 19, 1881</span></td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1885</span></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></td>
                        <td colspan="2"><i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"><span style="color:white">22</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/File:StephenGroverCleveland.png" class="image"><img alt="StephenGroverCleveland.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/StephenGroverCleveland.png/100px-StephenGroverCleveland.png" width="100" height="130" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/StephenGroverCleveland.png/150px-StephenGroverCleveland.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/StephenGroverCleveland.png/200px-StephenGroverCleveland.png 2x" data-file-width="788" data-file-height="1025" /></a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1837–1908)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-HIS-grover_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HIS-grover-87"><span>[</span>75<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AP.3Dgrover_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP.3Dgrover-88"><span>[</span>76<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1885</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1889</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-unseated_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unseated-20"><span>[</span>n 3<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland#First_term_as_president_.281885.E2.80.931889.29" title="Grover Cleveland">25</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1884" title="United States presidential election, 1884">1884</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">Governor of New York</a><br />
                            <small>(1883–1885)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Hendricks" title="Thomas A. Hendricks">Thomas A. Hendricks</a><sup id="cite_ref-died_24-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-died-24"><span>[</span>n 4<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1885</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 25, 1885</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 25, 1885</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1889</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #FF3333;"><span style="color:white">23</span></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-35px;left:-26px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Pach Brothers - Benjamin Harrison.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg/150px-Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg" width="150" height="214" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg/225px-Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg/300px-Pach_Brothers_-_Benjamin_Harrison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2638" data-file-height="3765" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1833–1901)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span>[</span>77<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span>[</span>78<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span>[</span>79<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1889</span></td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1893</span></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison#Presidency_1889.E2.80.931893" title="Benjamin Harrison">26</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1888" title="United States presidential election, 1888">1888</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> <span class="detail 2" style="display: none;">(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 1</a>)</span> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space: nowrap;">from <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a></span><br />
                            <small>(1881–1887)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton">Levi P. Morton</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #3333FF;"><span style="color:white">24</span></th>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/File:StephenGroverCleveland.png" class="image"><img alt="StephenGroverCleveland.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/StephenGroverCleveland.png/100px-StephenGroverCleveland.png" width="100" height="130" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/StephenGroverCleveland.png/150px-StephenGroverCleveland.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/StephenGroverCleveland.png/200px-StephenGroverCleveland.png 2x" data-file-width="788" data-file-height="1025" /></a></td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1837–1908)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-HIS-grover_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HIS-grover-87"><span>[</span>75<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AP.3Dgrover_88-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP.3Dgrover-88"><span>[</span>76<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1893</span></td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1897</span></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland#Second_term_as_president_.281893.E2.80.931897.29" title="Grover Cleveland">27</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1892" title="United States presidential election, 1892">1892</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a><br />
                            <small>(1885–1889)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_I" title="Adlai Stevenson I">Adlai Stevenson I</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="3" style="background: #FF3333;"><span style="color:white">25</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="3">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:131px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-28px;left:-85px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:William_McKinley_1.png" class="image"><img alt="William McKinley 1.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/William_McKinley_1.png/255px-William_McKinley_1.png" width="255" height="329" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/William_McKinley_1.png/383px-William_McKinley_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/William_McKinley_1.png/510px-William_McKinley_1.png 2x" data-file-width="1445" data-file-height="1862" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="3">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1843–1901)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span>[</span>80<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span>[</span>81<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span>[</span>82<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="3"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1897</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="3">
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">September 14, 1901</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-assassinated_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-assassinated-69"><span>[</span>n 10<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            28<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1896" title="United States presidential election, 1896">1896</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="3">
                            <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Ohio" title="List of Governors of Ohio">Governor of Ohio</a><br />
                            <small>(1892–1896)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Garret_Hobart" title="Garret Hobart">Garret Hobart</a><sup id="cite_ref-died_24-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-died-24"><span>[</span>n 4<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1897</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 21, 1899</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 21, 1899</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1901</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            29<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1900" title="United States presidential election, 1900">1900</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1901</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">September 14, 1901</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #FF3333;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt"><span style="color:white">26</span></a></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-21px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:President_Theodore_Roosevelt,_1904.jpg" class="image"><img alt="President Theodore Roosevelt, 1904.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/President_Theodore_Roosevelt%2C_1904.jpg/140px-President_Theodore_Roosevelt%2C_1904.jpg" width="140" height="185" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/President_Theodore_Roosevelt%2C_1904.jpg/210px-President_Theodore_Roosevelt%2C_1904.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/President_Theodore_Roosevelt%2C_1904.jpg/280px-President_Theodore_Roosevelt%2C_1904.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2842" data-file-height="3751" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1858–1919)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span>[</span>83<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span>[</span>84<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span>[</span>85<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">September 14, 1901</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1909</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-broke_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-broke-59"><span>[</span>n 9<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></td>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">September 14, 1901</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1905</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            30<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1904" title="United States presidential election, 1904">1904</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Charles W. Fairbanks</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1905</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1909</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #FF3333;"><span style="color:white">27</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-1px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:William_Howard_Taft,_Bain_bw_photo_portrait,_1908.jpg" class="image"><img alt="William Howard Taft, Bain bw photo portrait, 1908.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/William_Howard_Taft%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait%2C_1908.jpg/100px-William_Howard_Taft%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait%2C_1908.jpg" width="100" height="141" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/William_Howard_Taft%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait%2C_1908.jpg/150px-William_Howard_Taft%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait%2C_1908.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/William_Howard_Taft%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait%2C_1908.jpg/200px-William_Howard_Taft%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait%2C_1908.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3363" data-file-height="4756" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1857–1930)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span>[</span>86<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span>[</span>87<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span>[</span>88<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1909</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1913</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-unseated_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unseated-20"><span>[</span>n 3<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft#Presidency.2C_1909_.E2.80.93_1913" title="William Howard Taft">31</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1908" title="United States presidential election, 1908">1908</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a><br />
                            <small>(1904–1908)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/James_S._Sherman" title="James S. Sherman">James S. Sherman</a><sup id="cite_ref-died_24-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-died-24"><span>[</span>n 4<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1909</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">October 30, 1912</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">October 30, 1912</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1913</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"><span style="color:white">28</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-8px;left:-15px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_December_2_1912.jpg" class="image"><img alt="President Woodrow Wilson portrait December 2 1912.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_December_2_1912.jpg/130px-President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_December_2_1912.jpg" width="130" height="158" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_December_2_1912.jpg/195px-President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_December_2_1912.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_December_2_1912.jpg/260px-President_Woodrow_Wilson_portrait_December_2_1912.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2976" data-file-height="3623" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1856–1924)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span>[</span>89<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span>[</span>90<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span>[</span>91<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1913</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1921</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson#First_term.2C_1913.E2.80.931917" title="Woodrow Wilson">32</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1912" title="United States presidential election, 1912">1912</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_Jersey" title="Governor of New Jersey">Governor of New Jersey</a><br />
                            <small>(1911–1913)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_R._Marshall" title="Thomas R. Marshall">Thomas R. Marshall</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson#Second_term.2C_1917.E2.80.931921" title="Woodrow Wilson">33</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1916" title="United States presidential election, 1916">1916</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #FF3333;"><span style="color:white">29</span></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-14px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Warren_G_Harding-Harris_%26_Ewing.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Warren G Harding-Harris &amp; Ewing.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Warren_G_Harding-Harris_%26_Ewing.jpg/113px-Warren_G_Harding-Harris_%26_Ewing.jpg" width="113" height="154" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Warren_G_Harding-Harris_%26_Ewing.jpg/170px-Warren_G_Harding-Harris_%26_Ewing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Warren_G_Harding-Harris_%26_Ewing.jpg/226px-Warren_G_Harding-Harris_%26_Ewing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3165" data-file-height="4302" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Warren G. Harding</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1865–1923)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span>[</span>92<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span>[</span>93<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span>[</span>94<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1921</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">August 2, 1923</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-died_24-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-died-24"><span>[</span>n 4<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            34<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1920" title="United States presidential election, 1920">1920</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> <span class="detail 2" style="display: none;">(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 3</a>)</span> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space: nowrap;">from <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></span><br />
                            <small>(1915–1921)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #FF3333;"><span style="color:white">30</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-4px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:John_Calvin_Coolidge,_Bain_bw_photo_portrait.jpg" class="image"><img alt="John Calvin Coolidge, Bain bw photo portrait.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/John_Calvin_Coolidge%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait.jpg/116px-John_Calvin_Coolidge%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait.jpg" width="116" height="156" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/John_Calvin_Coolidge%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait.jpg/174px-John_Calvin_Coolidge%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/John_Calvin_Coolidge%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait.jpg/232px-John_Calvin_Coolidge%2C_Bain_bw_photo_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3392" data-file-height="4576" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1872–1933)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span>[</span>95<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span>[</span>96<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span>[</span>97<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">August 2, 1923</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1929</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></td>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">August 2, 1923</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1925</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            35<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1924" title="United States presidential election, 1924">1924</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Dawes" title="Charles G. Dawes">Charles G. Dawes</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1925</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1929</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #FF3333;"><span style="color:white">31</span></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-10px;left:-12px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:HerbertHoover.jpg" class="image"><img alt="HerbertHoover.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/HerbertHoover.jpg/140px-HerbertHoover.jpg" width="140" height="174" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/HerbertHoover.jpg/210px-HerbertHoover.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/HerbertHoover.jpg/280px-HerbertHoover.jpg 2x" data-file-width="912" data-file-height="1131" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1874–1964)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span>[</span>98<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span>[</span>99<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span>[</span>100<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1929</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1933</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-unseated_20-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unseated-20"><span>[</span>n 3<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover#Presidency_1929.E2.80.931933" title="Herbert Hoover">36</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1928" title="United States presidential election, 1928">1928</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Commerce" title="United States Secretary of Commerce">Secretary of Commerce</a><br />
                            <small>(1921–1928)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Charles Curtis</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr class="vevent">
                        <th rowspan="4" style="background: #3333FF;"><span style="color:white">32</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="4">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-6px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Franklin_D._Roosevelt_-_NARA_-_196715.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Franklin D. Roosevelt - NARA - 196715.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_-_NARA_-_196715.jpg/112px-Franklin_D._Roosevelt_-_NARA_-_196715.jpg" width="112" height="135" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_-_NARA_-_196715.jpg/168px-Franklin_D._Roosevelt_-_NARA_-_196715.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_-_NARA_-_196715.jpg/224px-Franklin_D._Roosevelt_-_NARA_-_196715.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2208" data-file-height="2663" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="4">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1882–1945)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span>[</span>101<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span>[</span>102<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span>[</span>103<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="4">March&#160;4,&#160;1933<span style="display:none">&#160;(<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1933-03-04</span>)</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="4">
                            April&#160;12,&#160;1945<span style="display:none">&#160;(<span class="dtend">1945-04-12</span>)</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-died_24-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-died-24"><span>[</span>n 4<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="4" class="category"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt#First_term.2C_1933.E2.80.931937" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">37</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1932" title="United States presidential election, 1932">1932</a>)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-20th_Amendment-term_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20th_Amendment-term-116"><span>[</span>n 13<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="4">
                            <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">Governor of New York</a><br />
                            <small>(1929–1932)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">John Nance Garner</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">March 4, 1933</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1941</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt#Second_term.2C_1937.E2.80.931941" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">38</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1936" title="United States presidential election, 1936">1936</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt#Third_term.2C_1941.E2.80.931945" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">39</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1940" title="United States presidential election, 1940">1940</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">Henry A. Wallace</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1941</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1945</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Fortieth_term_for_President_of_the_United_States_(disambiguation)" title="Fortieth term for President of the United States (disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect">40</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1944" title="United States presidential election, 1944">1944</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1945</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 12, 1945</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"><span style="color:white">33</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-5px;left:-11px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Harry_S._Truman.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Harry S. Truman.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Harry_S._Truman.jpg/120px-Harry_S._Truman.jpg" width="120" height="153" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Harry_S._Truman.jpg/180px-Harry_S._Truman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Harry_S._Truman.jpg/240px-Harry_S._Truman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="447" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1884–1972)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span>[</span>104<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span>[</span>105<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span>[</span>106<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 12, 1945</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1953</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></td>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">April 12, 1945</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1949</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman#Second_term_.281949.E2.80.931953.29" title="Harry S. Truman">41</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1948" title="United States presidential election, 1948">1948</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Alben W. Barkley</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1949</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1953</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #FF3333;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower"><span style="color:white">34</span></a></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-20px;left:-35px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Dwight_D._Eisenhower,_White_House_photo_portrait,_February_1959.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Dwight D. Eisenhower, White House photo portrait, February 1959.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Dwight_D._Eisenhower%2C_White_House_photo_portrait%2C_February_1959.jpg/160px-Dwight_D._Eisenhower%2C_White_House_photo_portrait%2C_February_1959.jpg" width="160" height="193" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Dwight_D._Eisenhower%2C_White_House_photo_portrait%2C_February_1959.jpg/240px-Dwight_D._Eisenhower%2C_White_House_photo_portrait%2C_February_1959.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Dwight_D._Eisenhower%2C_White_House_photo_portrait%2C_February_1959.jpg/320px-Dwight_D._Eisenhower%2C_White_House_photo_portrait%2C_February_1959.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2775" data-file-height="3354" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1890–1969)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span>[</span>107<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span>[</span>108<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span>[</span>109<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1953</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1961</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-Dwight_Eisenhower-term_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dwight_Eisenhower-term-123"><span>[</span>n 14<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td>
                            42<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1952" title="United States presidential election, 1952">1952</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Headquarters_Allied_Powers_Europe" title="Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe">Supreme Allied Commander Europe</a><br />
                            <small>(1949–1952)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2" style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            43<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1956" title="United States presidential election, 1956">1956</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_presidency_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Timeline of the presidency of John F. Kennedy"><span style="color:white">35</span></a></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:130px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-1px;left:-1px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Jfk2.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Jfk2.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Jfk2.jpg/110px-Jfk2.jpg" width="110" height="127" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Jfk2.jpg/165px-Jfk2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Jfk2.jpg/220px-Jfk2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1455" data-file-height="1679" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1917–1963)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span>[</span>110<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span>[</span>111<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span>[</span>112<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1961</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 22, 1963</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-assassinated_69-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-assassinated-69"><span>[</span>n 10<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            44<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1960" title="United States presidential election, 1960">1960</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> <span class="detail 2" style="display: none;">(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 1</a>)</span> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space: nowrap;">from <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></span><br />
                            <small>(1953–1960)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"><span style="color:white">36</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-142px;left:-143px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Lyndon_B._Johnson,_photo_portrait,_leaning_on_chair,_color.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Lyndon B. Johnson, photo portrait, leaning on chair, color.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Lyndon_B._Johnson%2C_photo_portrait%2C_leaning_on_chair%2C_color.jpg/380px-Lyndon_B._Johnson%2C_photo_portrait%2C_leaning_on_chair%2C_color.jpg" width="380" height="474" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Lyndon_B._Johnson%2C_photo_portrait%2C_leaning_on_chair%2C_color.jpg/570px-Lyndon_B._Johnson%2C_photo_portrait%2C_leaning_on_chair%2C_color.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Lyndon_B._Johnson%2C_photo_portrait%2C_leaning_on_chair%2C_color.jpg/760px-Lyndon_B._Johnson%2C_photo_portrait%2C_leaning_on_chair%2C_color.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3610" data-file-height="4500" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1908–1973)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span>[</span>113<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span>[</span>114<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 22, 1963</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1969</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></td>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">November 22, 1963</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1965</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            45<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1964" title="United States presidential election, 1964">1964</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Hubert Humphrey</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1965</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1969</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="4" style="background: #FF3333;"><span style="color:white">37</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="4">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-10px;left:-10px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_M._Nixon,_ca._1935_-_1982_-_NARA_-_530679.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Richard M. Nixon, ca. 1935 - 1982 - NARA - 530679.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Richard_M._Nixon%2C_ca._1935_-_1982_-_NARA_-_530679.jpg/125px-Richard_M._Nixon%2C_ca._1935_-_1982_-_NARA_-_530679.jpg" width="125" height="148" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Richard_M._Nixon%2C_ca._1935_-_1982_-_NARA_-_530679.jpg/188px-Richard_M._Nixon%2C_ca._1935_-_1982_-_NARA_-_530679.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Richard_M._Nixon%2C_ca._1935_-_1982_-_NARA_-_530679.jpg/250px-Richard_M._Nixon%2C_ca._1935_-_1982_-_NARA_-_530679.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2539" data-file-height="3000" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="4">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1913–1994)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span>[</span>115<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span>[</span>116<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span>[</span>117<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="4"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1969</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="4">
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">August 9, 1974</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-resigned_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-resigned-35"><span>[</span>n 6<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td>
                            46<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1968" title="United States presidential election, 1968">1968</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="4">
                            <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a><br />
                            <small>(1953–1961)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Spiro Agnew</a><sup id="cite_ref-resigned_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-resigned-35"><span>[</span>n 6<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1969</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">October 10, 1973</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td rowspan="5">
                            47<br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1972" title="United States presidential election, 1972">1972</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;">&#160;</td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">October 10, 1973</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">December 6, 1973</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">December 6, 1973</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">August 9, 1974</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #FF3333;"><span style="color:white">38</span></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-40px;left:-50px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Gerald_Ford.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Gerald Ford.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Gerald_Ford.jpg/180px-Gerald_Ford.jpg" width="180" height="264" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Gerald_Ford.jpg/270px-Gerald_Ford.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Gerald_Ford.jpg/360px-Gerald_Ford.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3978" data-file-height="5838" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1913–2006)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span>[</span>118<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span>[</span>119<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span>[</span>120<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">August 9, 1974</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1977</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></td>
                        <td colspan="2">
                            <i>Vacant</i><sup id="cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span>[</span>n 5<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">August 9, 1974</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">December 19, 1974</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Rockefeller" title="Nelson Rockefeller">Nelson Rockefeller</a><br />
                            <small><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">December 19, 1974</span> – <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1977</span></small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidency of Jimmy Carter"><span style="color:white">39</span></a></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-45px;left:-42px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:JimmyCarterPortrait.jpg" class="image"><img alt="JimmyCarterPortrait.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/JimmyCarterPortrait.jpg/180px-JimmyCarterPortrait.jpg" width="180" height="278" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/JimmyCarterPortrait.jpg/270px-JimmyCarterPortrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/JimmyCarterPortrait.jpg/360px-JimmyCarterPortrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1915" data-file-height="2956" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></b><br />
                            <small>(born 1924)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span>[</span>121<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span>[</span>122<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span>[</span>123<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1977</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1981</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-unseated_20-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unseated-20"><span>[</span>n 3<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidency of Jimmy Carter">48</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1976" title="United States presidential election, 1976">1976</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Georgia" title="List of Governors of Georgia">Governor of Georgia</a><br />
                            <small>(1971–1975)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Walter Mondale</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #FF3333;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan"><span style="color:white">40</span></a></th>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-12px;left:-42px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Official Portrait of President Reagan 1981.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg/150px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg" width="150" height="188" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg/225px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg/300px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Reagan_1981.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2399" data-file-height="3000" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></b><br />
                            <small>(1911–2004)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span>[</span>124<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span>[</span>125<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span>[</span>126<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1981</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1989</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan#First_term.2C_1981.E2.80.931985" title="Ronald Reagan">49</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1980" title="United States presidential election, 1980">1980</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_California" title="Governor of California">Governor of California</a><br />
                            <small>(1967–1975)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2" style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan#Second_term.2C_1985.E2.80.931989" title="Ronald Reagan">50</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1984" title="United States presidential election, 1984">1984</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        /tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th style="background: #FF3333;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidency of George H. W. Bush" class="mw-redirect"><span style="color:white">41</span></a></th>
                        <td>
                            <div class="{{{Location}}}">
                                <div style="width:100px;height:125px;overflow:hidden;position:relative">
                                    <div style="position:relative;top:-4px;left:-68px">
                                        <p><a href="/wiki/File:George_H._W._Bush,_President_of_the_United_States,_1989_official_portrait.jpg" class="image"><img alt="George H. W. Bush, President of the United States, 1989 official portrait.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/George_H._W._Bush%2C_President_of_the_United_States%2C_1989_official_portrait.jpg/200px-George_H._W._Bush%2C_President_of_the_United_States%2C_1989_official_portrait.jpg" width="200" height="231" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/George_H._W._Bush%2C_President_of_the_United_States%2C_1989_official_portrait.jpg/300px-George_H._W._Bush%2C_President_of_the_United_States%2C_1989_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/George_H._W._Bush%2C_President_of_the_United_States%2C_1989_official_portrait.jpg/400px-George_H._W._Bush%2C_President_of_the_United_States%2C_1989_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2072" data-file-height="2392" /></a></p>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </td>
                        <td>
                            <b><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></b><br />
                            <small>(born 1924)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span>[</span>127<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span>[</span>128<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span>[</span>129<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1989</span></td>
                        <td>
                            <span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1993</span><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-unseated_20-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unseated-20"><span>[</span>n 3<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidency of George H. W. Bush" class="mw-redirect">51</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1988" title="United States presidential election, 1988">1988</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></td>
                        <td style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Dan Quayle</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton"><span style="color:white">42</span></a></th>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Bill Clinton.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/100px-Bill_Clinton.jpg" width="100" height="130" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/150px-Bill_Clinton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/200px-Bill_Clinton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2299" data-file-height="3000" /></a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></b><br />
                            <small>(born 1946)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span>[</span>130<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span>[</span>131<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span>[</span>132<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 1993</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 2001</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton#First_term.2C_1993.E2.80.931997" title="Bill Clinton">52</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1992" title="United States presidential election, 1992">1992</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Arkansas" title="List of Governors of Arkansas">Governor of Arkansas</a><br />
                            <small>(1979–1981, 1983–1992)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton#Second_term.2C_1997.E2.80.932001" title="Bill Clinton">53</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1996" title="United States presidential election, 1996">1996</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #FF3333;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush"><span style="color:white">43</span></a></th>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/File:George-W-Bush.jpeg" class="image"><img alt="George-W-Bush.jpeg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/100px-George-W-Bush.jpeg" width="100" height="132" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/150px-George-W-Bush.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/200px-George-W-Bush.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="3000" /></a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></b><br />
                            <small>(born 1946)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span>[</span>133<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span>[</span>134<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span>[</span>135<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 2001</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 2009</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush%27s_first_term_as_President_of_the_United_States" title="George W. Bush's first term as President of the United States">54</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2000" title="United States presidential election, 2000">2000</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Texas" title="Governor of Texas">Governor of Texas</a><br />
                            <small>(1995–2000)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2" style="background: #FF3333;"></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush%27s_second_term_as_President_of_the_United_States" title="George W. Bush's second term as President of the United States">55</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2004" title="United States presidential election, 2004">2004</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidency of Barack Obama"><span style="color:white">44</span></a></th>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Barack_Obama,_2012_portrait_crop.jpg" class="image"><img alt="President Barack Obama, 2012 portrait crop.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/President_Barack_Obama%2C_2012_portrait_crop.jpg/100px-President_Barack_Obama%2C_2012_portrait_crop.jpg" width="100" height="130" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/President_Barack_Obama%2C_2012_portrait_crop.jpg/150px-President_Barack_Obama%2C_2012_portrait_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/President_Barack_Obama%2C_2012_portrait_crop.jpg/200px-President_Barack_Obama%2C_2012_portrait_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1338" data-file-height="1739" /></a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <b><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></b><br />
                            <small>(born 1961)</small><br />
                            <sup id="cite_ref-whouseobama_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whouseobama-150"><span>[</span>136<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span>[</span>137<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span>[</span>138<span>]</span></a></sup>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><span class="date" style="white-space: nowrap;">January 20, 2009</span></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidency of Barack Obama">56</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2008" title="United States presidential election, 2008">2008</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2">
                            <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> <span class="detail 2" style="display: none;">(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_Senators" title="Classes of United States Senators">Class 3</a>)</span> <span class="detail 1" style="white-space: nowrap;">from <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></span><br />
                            <small>(2005–2008)</small>
                        </td>
                        <td rowspan="2" style="background: #3333FF;"></td>
                        <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama%27s_second_term_as_President_of_the_United_States" title="Barack Obama's second term as President of the United States" class="mw-redirect">57</a><br />
                            <small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2012" title="United States presidential election, 2012">2012</a>)</small>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </table>
                <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Living_former_presidents">Living former presidents</span></h2>
                <p>As of April 2014, there are four <a href="/wiki/Living_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Living Presidents of the United States">living former presidents</a>:</p>
                <table class="wikitable">
                    <tr>
                        <th>President</th>
                        <th>Term of office</th>
                        <th>Date of birth</th>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></td>
                        <td style="text-align:center;">1977–1981</td>
                        <td><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1924-10-01</span>)</span> October 1, 1924 <span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow">(age&#160;89)</span></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></td>
                        <td style="text-align:center;">1989–1993</td>
                        <td><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1924-06-12</span>)</span> June 12, 1924 <span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow">(age&#160;89)</span></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></td>
                        <td style="text-align:center;">1993–2001</td>
                        <td><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1946-08-19</span>)</span> August 19, 1946 <span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow">(age&#160;67)</span></td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></td>
                        <td style="text-align:center;">2001–2009</td>
                        <td><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1946-07-06</span>)</span> July 6, 1946 <span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow">(age&#160;67)</span></td>
                    </tr>
                </table>
                <p>The most recent death of a former president was that of <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> (1974–77) on December 26, 2006, aged 93.</p>
                <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h2>
                <div class="noprint tright portal" style="border:solid #aaa 1px;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;">
                    <table style="background:#f9f9f9;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;max-width:175px;">
                        <tr valign="middle">
                            <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="image"><img alt="Portal icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" width="32" height="17" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></td>
                            <td style="padding:0 0.2em;vertical-align:middle;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></td>
                        </tr>
                    </table>
                </div>
                <div class="div-col columns column-count column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;">
                    <ul>
                        <li><a href="/wiki/Founding_Fathers_of_the_United_States" title="Founding Fathers of the United States">Founding Fathers of the United States</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_rankings_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Historical rankings of Presidents of the United States">Historical rankings of Presidents of the United States</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_burial_places_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of burial places of Presidents of the United States">List of burial places of Presidents of the United States</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_educational_institutions_named_after_U.S._presidents" title="List of educational institutions named after U.S. presidents">List of educational institutions named after U.S. presidents</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of fictional Presidents of the United States" class="mw-redirect">List of fictional Presidents of the United States</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis" title="Jefferson Davis">Jefferson Davis</a>, the only <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Confederate_States_of_America" title="President of the Confederate States of America">President of the Confederate States of America</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States,_sortable_by_previous_experience" title="List of Presidents of the United States, sortable by previous experience">List of Presidents of the United States, sortable by previous experience</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of Vice Presidents of the United States">List of Vice Presidents of the United States</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_portrait_(United_States)" title="Presidential portrait (United States)">Presidential portrait (United States)</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_$1_Coin_Program" title="Presidential $1 Coin Program">Presidential $1 Coin Program</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/wiki/US_Presidents_on_US_postage_stamps" title="US Presidents on US postage stamps" class="mw-redirect">US Presidents on US postage stamps</a></li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
                <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span></h2>
                <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;">
                    <ol class="references">
                        <li id="cite_note-num-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-num_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For the purposes of numbering, a presidency is defined as an uninterrupted period of time in office served by one person. For example, <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first president (not the first and second). Upon the resignation of 37th president <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> became the 38th president even though he simply served out the remainder of Nixon's second term and was never elected to the presidency in his own right. <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> was both the 22nd president and the 24th president because his two terms were not consecutive. A period during which a vice-president temporarily becomes Acting President under the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Twenty-fifth Amendment</a> is not a presidency, because the president remains in office during such a period.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-Washington-term-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Washington-term_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Instead of being inaugurated on March 4, 1789, George Washington's first-term inaugural was postponed 57 days (1 month and 27 days) to April 30, 1789, because the U.S. Congress had not yet achieved a quorum.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-unseated-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-unseated_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unseated_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unseated_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unseated_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unseated_20-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unseated_20-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unseated_20-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-unseated_20-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Unseated (lost re-election).</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-died-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-died_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-died_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-died_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-died_24-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-died_24-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-died_24-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-died_24-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-died_24-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-died_24-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-died_24-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-died_24-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Died in office of natural causes.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-25th_Amend-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-25th_Amend_28-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Prior to ratification of the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution</a> in 1967, there was no mechanism by which a vacancy in the Vice Presidency could be filled. Richard Nixon was the first president to fill such a vacancy under the provisions of the Twenty-fifth Amendment when he appointed Gerald Ford. Ford later became the second president to fill a vice presidential vacancy when he appointed Nelson Rockefeller to succeed him.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-resigned-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-resigned_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-resigned_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-resigned_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Resigned.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-John_Tyler-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-John_Tyler_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Being the first vice president to assume the presidency, Tyler set a precedent that a vice president who assumes the office of president becomes a fully functioning president who has his own presidency, as opposed to just a caretaker president. His political opponents attempted to refer to him as "Acting President", but he refused to allow that. The <a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution</a> put Tyler's precedent into the Constitution.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-John_Tyler-party-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-John_Tyler-party_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Former Democrat who ran for Vice President on Whig ticket. Clashed with Whig congressional leaders and was expelled from the Whig party in 1841.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-broke-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-broke_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-broke_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Later sought re-election to a non-consecutive term.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-assassinated-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-assassinated_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-assassinated_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-assassinated_69-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-assassinated_69-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Assassinated.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-union-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-union_70-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-union_70-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a> and <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a> were, respectively, a Republican and a Democrat who ran on the National Union ticket in 1864.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-Andrew_Johnson-party-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Andrew_Johnson-party_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrew Johnson did not identify with the two main parties while president and tried and failed to build a party of loyalists under the National Union label. His failure to build a true National Union Party left Johnson without a party.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-20th_Amendment-term-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20th_Amendment-term_116-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution">twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution</a> went into effect in 1933, moving the 1937 <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_inauguration" title="United States presidential inauguration">inauguration day</a> from March 4 to January 20, and shortening this term by 43 days.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-Dwight_Eisenhower-term-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dwight_Eisenhower-term_123-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dwight Eisenhower is the first president to have been legally prohibited by the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-second_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution">Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution</a> from seeking a third term.</span></li>
                    </ol>
                </div>
                <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h2>
                <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;">
                    <ol class="references">
                        <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_amendments_11-27.html">"The Constitution: Amendments 11–27"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">U.S. National Archives &amp; Records Administration</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved October 1, 2008</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=The+Constitution%3A+Amendments+11%E2%80%9327&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.gov%2Fexhibits%2Fcharters%2Fconstitution_amendments_11-27.html&amp;rft.pub=U.S.+National+Archives+%26+Records+Administration&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.harrold.org/rfhextra/PresidentsForgotten.html">"Excerpts from "Forgotten Presidents" – The Patriots Handbook, by George Grant"</a>. Harrold.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved August 8, 2011</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Excerpts+from+%22Forgotten+Presidents%22+%E2%80%93+The+Patriots+Handbook%2C+by+George+Grant&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.harrold.org%2Frfhextra%2FPresidentsForgotten.html&amp;rft.pub=Harrold.org&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Cleaves, Freeman (1939). <i>Old Tippecanoe: William Henry Harrison and His Time</i>. C. Scribner's Sons. p.&#160;152.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.au=Cleaves%2C+Freeman&amp;rft.aufirst=Freeman&amp;rft.aulast=Cleaves&amp;rft.btitle=Old+Tippecanoe%3A+William+Henry+Harrison+and+His+Time&amp;rft.date=1939&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=152&amp;rft.pub=C.+Scribner%27s+Sons&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-Zachary_Taylor.2C_Virginia_Univ-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Zachary_Taylor.2C_Virginia_Univ_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web">Ingersoll, Jared. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/taylor/essays/biography/6">"Death of the President"</a>. University of Virginia's Miller Center of Public Affairs<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved November 2, 2010</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.aufirst=Jared&amp;rft.au=Ingersoll%2C+Jared&amp;rft.aulast=Ingersoll&amp;rft.btitle=Death+of+the+President&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmillercenter.org%2Facademic%2Famericanpresident%2Ftaylor%2Fessays%2Fbiography%2F6&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Virginia%27s+Miller+Center+of+Public+Affairs&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Russell, Francis (1962). <i>The Shadow of Blooming Grove – Warren G. Harding in His Times</i>. Easton Press. p.&#160;591. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0070543380" title="Special:BookSources/0070543380">0070543380</a>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.aufirst=Francis&amp;rft.aulast=Russell&amp;rft.au=Russell%2C+Francis&amp;rft.btitle=The+Shadow+of+Blooming+Grove+%E2%80%93+Warren+G.+Harding+in+His+Times&amp;rft.date=1962&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=0070543380&amp;rft.pages=591&amp;rft.pub=Easton+Press&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-smithsonianmag1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-smithsonianmag1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-smithsonianmag1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Martin, Paul <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/Lincolns-Missing-Bodyguard.html">"Lincoln's Missing Bodyguard"</a>, <i>Smithsonian Magazine</i>, April 8, 2010, Retrieved November 15, 2010</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Donald">Donald (1996)</a>, p. 597.</span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/parker_and_mckinley.html">"Big Ben Parker and President McKinley's Assassination"</a>. Math.buffalo.edu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved August 8, 2011</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Big+Ben+Parker+and+President+McKinley%27s+Assassination&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.math.buffalo.edu%2F~sww%2F0history%2Fparker_and_mckinley.html&amp;rft.pub=Math.buffalo.edu&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/watergate/part3.html">"Nixon Resigns"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved December 31, 2008</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Nixon+Resigns&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Fpolitics%2Fspecial%2Fwatergate%2Fpart3.html&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/us_elections_2008/7709978.stm">"Obama wins historic US election"</a>. BBC. November 5, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved November 5, 2008</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Obama+wins+historic+US+election&amp;rft.date=November+5%2C+2008&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fus_elections_2008%2F7709978.stm&amp;rft.pub=BBC&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web">The <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> (March 12, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/georgewashington/">"Biography of George Washington"</a>. Whitehouse.gov<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.aulast=The+White+House&amp;rft.au=The+White+House&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+George+Washington&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fgeorgewashington%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/washington">"George Washington – no Political Party – 1st President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=George+Washington+%E2%80%93+no+Political+Party+%E2%80%93+1st+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fwashington&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/gwashington.asp">"George Washington (February&#160;22, 1732 – December&#160;14,&#160;1799)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_Presidents:_Life_Portraits" title="American Presidents: Life Portraits">American Presidents: Life Portraits</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=George+Washington+%28February%26nbsp%3B22%2C+1732+%E2%80%93+December%26nbsp%3B14%2C%26nbsp%3B1799%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fgwashington.asp&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portraits&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://communities.washingtontimes.com/neighborhood/history-purpose/2012/mar/9/george-washington-warns-against-political-parties/">"George Washington's views on political parties in America | Washington Times Communities"</a>. Communities.washingtontimes.com. 2012-03-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 2, 2013</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=George+Washington%27s+views+on+political+parties+in+America+%26%23124%3B+Washington+Times+Communities&amp;rft.date=2012-03-09&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcommunities.washingtontimes.com%2Fneighborhood%2Fhistory-purpose%2F2012%2Fmar%2F9%2Fgeorge-washington-warns-against-political-parties%2F&amp;rft.pub=Communities.washingtontimes.com&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/johnadams/">"Biography of John Adams"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+John+Adams&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fjohnadams%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/adams">"John Adams – Federalist Party – 2nd President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=John+Adams+%E2%80%93+Federalist+Party+%E2%80%93+2nd+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fadams&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=2">"John Adams (October&#160;30, 1735 – July&#160;4,&#160;1826)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=John+Adams+%28October%26nbsp%3B30%2C+1735+%E2%80%93+July%26nbsp%3B4%2C%26nbsp%3B1826%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D2&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/thomasjefferson/">"Biography of Thomas Jefferson"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Thomas+Jefferson&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fthomasjefferson%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/jefferson">"Thomas Jefferson – Democratic-Republican Party – 3rd President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Thomas+Jefferson+%E2%80%93+Democratic-Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+3rd+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fjefferson&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=3">"Thomas Jefferson (April&#160;13, 1743 – July&#160;4,&#160;1826)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Thomas+Jefferson+%28April%26nbsp%3B13%2C+1743+%E2%80%93+July%26nbsp%3B4%2C%26nbsp%3B1826%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D3&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/jamesmadison/">"Biography of James Madison"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+James+Madison&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fjamesmadison%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/madison">"James Madison – Democratic-Republican Party – 4th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=James+Madison+%E2%80%93+Democratic-Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+4th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fmadison&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=4">"James Madison (March&#160;16, 1751 – June&#160;28,&#160;1836)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=James+Madison+%28March%26nbsp%3B16%2C+1751+%E2%80%93+June%26nbsp%3B28%2C%26nbsp%3B1836%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D4&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/jamesmonroe/">"Biography of James Madison"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+James+Madison&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fjamesmonroe%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/monroe">"James Monroe – Democratic-Republican Party – 5th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=James+Monroe+%E2%80%93+Democratic-Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+5th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fmonroe&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=5">"James Monroe (April&#160;28, 1758 – July&#160;4,&#160;1831)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=James+Monroe+%28April%26nbsp%3B28%2C+1758+%E2%80%93+July%26nbsp%3B4%2C%26nbsp%3B1831%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D5&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/johnquincyadams/">"Biography of John Quincy Adams"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+John+Quincy+Adams&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fjohnquincyadams%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/johnqadams">"John Quincy Adams – Federalist, Democratic-Republican, National Republican, WHIG Party – 6th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=John+Quincy+Adams+%E2%80%93+Federalist%2C+Democratic-Republican%2C+National+Republican%2C+WHIG+Party+%E2%80%93+6th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fjohnqadams&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=6">"John Quincy Adams (July&#160;11, 1767 – February&#160;23,&#160;1848)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=John+Quincy+Adams+%28July%26nbsp%3B11%2C+1767+%E2%80%93+February%26nbsp%3B23%2C%26nbsp%3B1848%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D6&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/andrewjackson/">"Biography of Andrew Jackson"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Andrew+Jackson&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fandrewjackson%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/jackson">"Andrew Jackson – Democratic-Republican Party – 7th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Andrew+Jackson+%E2%80%93+Democratic-Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+7th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fjackson&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=7">"Andrew Jackson (March&#160;15, 1767 – June&#160;8,&#160;1845)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Andrew+Jackson+%28March%26nbsp%3B15%2C+1767+%E2%80%93+June%26nbsp%3B8%2C%26nbsp%3B1845%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D7&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/martinvanburen/">"Biography of Martin Van Buren"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Martin+Van+Buren&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fmartinvanburen%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/vanburen">"Martin Van Buren – Democratic-Republican, Democratic, and Free Soil Party – 8th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Martin+Van+Buren+%E2%80%93+Democratic-Republican%2C+Democratic%2C+and+Free+Soil+Party+%E2%80%93+8th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fvanburen&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=8">"Martin Van Buren (December&#160;5, 1782 – July&#160;24,&#160;1862)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Martin+Van+Buren+%28December%26nbsp%3B5%2C+1782+%E2%80%93+July%26nbsp%3B24%2C%26nbsp%3B1862%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D8&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/williamhenryharrison/">"Biography of William Henry Harrison"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+William+Henry+Harrison&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fwilliamhenryharrison%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/williamhenryharrison">"William Henry Harrison – WHIG Party – 9th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=William+Henry+Harrison+%E2%80%93+WHIG+Party+%E2%80%93+9th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fwilliamhenryharrison&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=9">"William Henry Harrison (February&#160;9, 1773 – April&#160;4,&#160;1841)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=William+Henry+Harrison+%28February%26nbsp%3B9%2C+1773+%E2%80%93+April%26nbsp%3B4%2C%26nbsp%3B1841%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D9&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/johntyler/">"Biography of John Tyler"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+John+Tyler&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fjohntyler%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/tyler">"John Tyler – No Party – 10th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=John+Tyler+%E2%80%93+No+Party+%E2%80%93+10th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Ftyler&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=10">"John Tyler (March&#160;29, 1790 – January&#160;18,&#160;1862)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=John+Tyler+%28March%26nbsp%3B29%2C+1790+%E2%80%93+January%26nbsp%3B18%2C%26nbsp%3B1862%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D10&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/jamespolk/">"Biography of James Polk"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+James+Polk&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fjamespolk%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/polk">"James Polk – Democratic Party – 11th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=James+Polk+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+11th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fpolk&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=11">"James K. Polk (November&#160;2, 1795 – June&#160;15,&#160;1849)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=James+K.+Polk+%28November%26nbsp%3B2%2C+1795+%E2%80%93+June%26nbsp%3B15%2C%26nbsp%3B1849%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D11&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/zacharytaylor/">"Biography of Zachary Taylor"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Zachary+Taylor&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fzacharytaylor%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/taylor">"Zachary Taylor – WHIG Party – 12th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Zachary+Taylor+%E2%80%93+WHIG+Party+%E2%80%93+12th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Ftaylor&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=12">"Zachary Taylor (November&#160;24, 1784 – July&#160;9,&#160;1850)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Zachary+Taylor+%28November%26nbsp%3B24%2C+1784+%E2%80%93+July%26nbsp%3B9%2C%26nbsp%3B1850%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D12&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/millardfillmore/">"Biography of Millard Fillmore"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Millard+Fillmore&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fmillardfillmore%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/fillmore">"Millard Filmore – WHIG Party – 13th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Millard+Filmore+%E2%80%93+WHIG+Party+%E2%80%93+13th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Ffillmore&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=13">"Millard Fillmore (January&#160;7, 1800 – March&#160;8,&#160;1874)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Millard+Fillmore+%28January%26nbsp%3B7%2C+1800+%E2%80%93+March%26nbsp%3B8%2C%26nbsp%3B1874%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D13&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/franklinpierce/">"Biography of Franklin Pierce"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Franklin+Pierce&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Ffranklinpierce%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/pierce">"Franklin Pierce – Democratic Party – 14th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Franklin+Pierce+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+14th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fpierce&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=14">"Franklin Pierce (November&#160;23, 1804 – October&#160;8,&#160;1869)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Franklin+Pierce+%28November%26nbsp%3B23%2C+1804+%E2%80%93+October%26nbsp%3B8%2C%26nbsp%3B1869%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D14&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/jamesbuchanan/">"Biography of James Buchanan"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+James+Buchanan&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fjamesbuchanan%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/buchanan">"James Buchanan – Democratic Party – 15th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=James+Buchanan+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+15th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fbuchanan&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=15">"James Buchanan (April&#160;23, 1791 – June&#160;1,&#160;1868)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=James+Buchanan+%28April%26nbsp%3B23%2C+1791+%E2%80%93+June%26nbsp%3B1%2C%26nbsp%3B1868%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D15&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/abrahamlincoln/">"Biography of Abraham Lincoln"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Abraham+Lincoln&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fabrahamlincoln%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/lincoln">"Abraham Lincoln – Republic, National Union Party – 16th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Abraham+Lincoln+%E2%80%93+Republic%2C+National+Union+Party+%E2%80%93+16th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Flincoln&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=16">"Abraham Lincoln (February&#160;12, 1809 – April&#160;15,&#160;1865)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Abraham+Lincoln+%28February%26nbsp%3B12%2C+1809+%E2%80%93+April%26nbsp%3B15%2C%26nbsp%3B1865%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D16&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/andrewjohnson/">"Biography of Andrew Johnson"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Andrew+Johnson&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fandrewjohnson%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/andrewjohnson">"Andrew Johnson – National Union Party – 17th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Andrew+Johnson+%E2%80%93+National+Union+Party+%E2%80%93+17th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fandrewjohnson&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=17">"Andrew Johnson (December&#160;29, 1808 – July&#160;31,&#160;1875)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Andrew+Johnson+%28December%26nbsp%3B29%2C+1808+%E2%80%93+July%26nbsp%3B31%2C%26nbsp%3B1875%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D17&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/ulyssessgrant/">"Biography of Ulysses S. Grant"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Ulysses+S.+Grant&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fulyssessgrant%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/grant">"Ulysses S. Grant – National Union Party – 18th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Ulysses+S.+Grant+%E2%80%93+National+Union+Party+%E2%80%93+18th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fgrant&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=18">"Ulysses S. Grant (April&#160;27, 1822 – July&#160;23,&#160;1885)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Ulysses+S.+Grant+%28April%26nbsp%3B27%2C+1822+%E2%80%93+July%26nbsp%3B23%2C%26nbsp%3B1885%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D18&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/rutherfordbhayes/">"Biography of Rutherford B. Hayes"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Rutherford+B.+Hayes&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Frutherfordbhayes%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/hayes">"Rutherford B. Hayes – Republican Party – 19th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Rutherford+B.+Hayes+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+19th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fhayes&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=19">"Rutherford B. Hayes (October&#160;4, 1822 – January&#160;17,&#160;1893)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Rutherford+B.+Hayes+%28October%26nbsp%3B4%2C+1822+%E2%80%93+January%26nbsp%3B17%2C%26nbsp%3B1893%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D19&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/jamesgarfield/">"Biography of James Garfield"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+James+Garfield&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fjamesgarfield%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/garfield">"James Garfield – Republican Party – 20th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=James+Garfield+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+20th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fgarfield&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=20">"James A. Garfield (November&#160;19, 1831 – September&#160;19,&#160;1881)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=James+A.+Garfield+%28November%26nbsp%3B19%2C+1831+%E2%80%93+September%26nbsp%3B19%2C%26nbsp%3B1881%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D20&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/chesterarthur/">"Biography of Chester Arthur"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Chester+Arthur&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fchesterarthur%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/arthur">"Chester A. Arthur – Republican Party – 21st President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Chester+A.+Arthur+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+21st+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Farthur&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=21">"Chester A. Arthur (October&#160;5, 1829 – November&#160;18,&#160;1886)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Chester+A.+Arthur+%28October%26nbsp%3B5%2C+1829+%E2%80%93+November%26nbsp%3B18%2C%26nbsp%3B1886%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D21&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-HIS-grover-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HIS-grover_87-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HIS-grover_87-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/cleveland">"Grover Cleveland – Democratic Party – 22nd and 24th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Grover+Cleveland+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+22nd+and+24th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fcleveland&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-AP.3Dgrover-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AP.3Dgrover_88-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP.3Dgrover_88-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=22">"Grover Cleveland (March&#160;18, 1837 – June&#160;24,&#160;1908)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Grover+Cleveland+%28March%26nbsp%3B18%2C+1837+%E2%80%93+June%26nbsp%3B24%2C%26nbsp%3B1908%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D22&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/benjaminharrison/">"Biography of Benjamin Harrison"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Benjamin+Harrison&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fbenjaminharrison%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/benjaminharrison">"William Henry Harrison – Whig Party – 23rd President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=William+Henry+Harrison+%E2%80%93+Whig+Party+%E2%80%93+23rd+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fbenjaminharrison&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=23">"Benjamin Harrison (August&#160;20, 1833 – March&#160;13,&#160;1901)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Benjamin+Harrison+%28August%26nbsp%3B20%2C+1833+%E2%80%93+March%26nbsp%3B13%2C%26nbsp%3B1901%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D23&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/williammckinley/">"Biography of William McKinley"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+William+McKinley&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fwilliammckinley%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/mckinley">"William McKinley – Republican Party – 25th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=William+McKinley+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+25th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fmckinley&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=24">"William McKinley (January&#160;29, 1843 – September&#160;14,&#160;1901)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=William+McKinley+%28January%26nbsp%3B29%2C+1843+%E2%80%93+September%26nbsp%3B14%2C%26nbsp%3B1901%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D24&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/theodoreroosevelt/">"Biography of Theodore Roosevelt"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Theodore+Roosevelt&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Ftheodoreroosevelt%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/teddyroosevelt">"Theodore Roosevelt – Republican, Bull Moose Party – 26th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Theodore+Roosevelt+%E2%80%93+Republican%2C+Bull+Moose+Party+%E2%80%93+26th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fteddyroosevelt&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=25">"Theodore Roosevelt (October&#160;27, 1858 – January&#160;6,&#160;1919)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Theodore+Roosevelt+%28October%26nbsp%3B27%2C+1858+%E2%80%93+January%26nbsp%3B6%2C%26nbsp%3B1919%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D25&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/williamhowardtaft/">"Biography of William Howard Taft"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+William+Howard+Taft&amp;rft.date=March+13%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fwilliamhowardtaft%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/taft">"William Howard Taft – Republican Party – 27th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=William+Howard+Taft+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+27th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Ftaft&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=26">"William Howard Taft (September&#160;15, 1857 – March&#160;8,&#160;1930)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=William+Howard+Taft+%28September%26nbsp%3B15%2C+1857+%E2%80%93+March%26nbsp%3B8%2C%26nbsp%3B1930%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D26&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/woodrowwilson/">"Biography of Woodrow Wilson"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Woodrow+Wilson&amp;rft.date=March+13%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fwoodrowwilson%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/wilson">"Woodrow Wilson – Democratic Party – 28th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Woodrow+Wilson+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+28th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fwilson&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=27">"Woodrow Wilson (December&#160;28, 1856 – February&#160;3,&#160;1924)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Woodrow+Wilson+%28December%26nbsp%3B28%2C+1856+%E2%80%93+February%26nbsp%3B3%2C%26nbsp%3B1924%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D27&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/warrenharding/">"Biography of Warren G. Harding"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Warren+G.+Harding&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fwarrenharding%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/wilson">"Warren Harding – Republican Party – 29th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Warren+Harding+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+29th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fwilson&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=28">"Warren G. Harding (November&#160;2, 1865 – August&#160;2,&#160;1923)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Warren+G.+Harding+%28November%26nbsp%3B2%2C+1865+%E2%80%93+August%26nbsp%3B2%2C%26nbsp%3B1923%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D28&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/calvincoolidge/">"Biography of Calvin Coolidge"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Calvin+Coolidge&amp;rft.date=March+13%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fcalvincoolidge%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/wilson">"Calvin Coolidge – Republican Party – 30th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Calvin+Coolidge+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+30th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fwilson&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=29">"Calvin Coolidge (July&#160;4, 1872 – January&#160;5,&#160;1933)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Calvin+Coolidge+%28July%26nbsp%3B4%2C+1872+%E2%80%93+January%26nbsp%3B5%2C%26nbsp%3B1933%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D29&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/herberthoover/">"Biography of Herbert Hoover"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Herbert+Hoover&amp;rft.date=March+13%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fherberthoover%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/wilson">"Herbert Hoover – Republican Party – 31st President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Herbert+Hoover+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+31st+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fwilson&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=30">"Herbert Hoover (August&#160;10, 1874 – October&#160;20,&#160;1964)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Herbert+Hoover+%28August%26nbsp%3B10%2C+1874+%E2%80%93+October%26nbsp%3B20%2C%26nbsp%3B1964%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D30&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/franklindroosevelt/">"Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 20, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Franklin+D.+Roosevelt&amp;rft.date=March+20%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Ffranklindroosevelt%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/fdr">"Franklin D. Roosevelt – Democratic Party – 32nd President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Franklin+D.+Roosevelt+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+32nd+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Ffdr&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=31">"Franklin D. Roosevelt (January&#160;30, 1882 – April&#160;12,&#160;1945)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Franklin+D.+Roosevelt+%28January%26nbsp%3B30%2C+1882+%E2%80%93+April%26nbsp%3B12%2C%26nbsp%3B1945%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D31&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/harrystruman/">"Biography of Harry S Truman"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Harry+S+Truman&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fharrystruman%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/fdr">"Harry S Truman – Democratic Party – 33rd President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Harry+S+Truman+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+33rd+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Ffdr&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=32">"Harry S Truman (May&#160;8, 1884 – December&#160;26,&#160;1972)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Harry+S+Truman+%28May%26nbsp%3B8%2C+1884+%E2%80%93+December%26nbsp%3B26%2C%26nbsp%3B1972%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D32&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/dwightdeisenhower/">"Biography of Dwight D. Eisenhower"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Dwight+D.+Eisenhower&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fdwightdeisenhower%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/eisenhower">"Dwight D. Eisenhower – Democratic Party – 34th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Dwight+D.+Eisenhower+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+34th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Feisenhower&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=33">"Dwight D. Eisenhower (October&#160;14, 1890 – March&#160;28,&#160;1969)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Dwight+D.+Eisenhower+%28October%26nbsp%3B14%2C+1890+%E2%80%93+March%26nbsp%3B28%2C%26nbsp%3B1969%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D33&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/johnfkennedy/">"Biography of John F. Kennedy"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+John+F.+Kennedy&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fjohnfkennedy%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/kennedy">"John F. Kennedy – Democratic Party – 35th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=John+F.+Kennedy+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+35th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fkennedy&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=34">"John F. Kennedy (May&#160;29, 1917 – November&#160;22,&#160;1963)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=John+F.+Kennedy+%28May%26nbsp%3B29%2C+1917+%E2%80%93+November%26nbsp%3B22%2C%26nbsp%3B1963%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D34&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/kennedy">"Lyndon B. Johnson – Democratic Party – 36th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Lyndon+B.+Johnson+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+36th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fkennedy&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=35">"Lyndon B. Johnson (August&#160;27, 1908 – January&#160;22,&#160;1973)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Lyndon+B.+Johnson+%28August%26nbsp%3B27%2C+1908+%E2%80%93+January%26nbsp%3B22%2C%26nbsp%3B1973%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D35&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/richardnixon/">"Richard M. Nixon"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Richard+M.+Nixon&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Frichardnixon%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/nixon">"Richard Nixon – Republican Party – 37th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Richard+Nixon+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+37th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fnixon&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=36">"Richard M. Nixon (January&#160;9, 1913 – April&#160;22,&#160;1994)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Richard+M.+Nixon+%28January%26nbsp%3B9%2C+1913+%E2%80%93+April%26nbsp%3B22%2C%26nbsp%3B1994%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D36&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/geraldford/">"Biography of Gerald R. Ford"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Gerald+R.+Ford&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fgeraldford%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/ford">"Gerald Ford – Republican Party – 38th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Gerald+Ford+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+38th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fford&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=37">"Gerald R. Ford (July&#160;14, 1913 – December&#160;26,&#160;2006)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Gerald+R.+Ford+%28July%26nbsp%3B14%2C+1913+%E2%80%93+December%26nbsp%3B26%2C%26nbsp%3B2006%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D37&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/jimmycarter">"Biography of Jimmy Carter"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Jimmy+Carter&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fjimmycarter&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/ford">"Jimmy Carter – Democratic Party – 39th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Jimmy+Carter+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+39th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fford&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=38">"Jimmy Carter (October&#160;1, 1924&#160;– )"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Jimmy+Carter+%28October%26nbsp%3B1%2C+1924%26nbsp%3B%E2%80%93+%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D38&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/ronaldreagan/">"Biography of Ronald Reagan"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. June 25, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+Ronald+Reagan&amp;rft.date=June+25%2C+2008&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fronaldreagan%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/ford">"Ronald Reagan – Republican Party – 40th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Ronald+Reagan+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+40th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fford&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=39">"Ronald Reagan (February&#160;6, 1911 – June&#160;5,&#160;2004)"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Ronald+Reagan+%28February%26nbsp%3B6%2C+1911+%E2%80%93+June%26nbsp%3B5%2C%26nbsp%3B2004%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D39&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/georgehwbush/">"Biography of George Herbert Walker Bush"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+George+Herbert+Walker+Bush&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fgeorgehwbush%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/georgebush">"George H. W. Bush – Republican Party – 41st President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=George+H.+W.+Bush+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+41st+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fgeorgebush&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=40">"George Bush (June&#160;12, 1924&#160;– )"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=George+Bush+%28June%26nbsp%3B12%2C+1924%26nbsp%3B%E2%80%93+%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D40&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/williamjclinton/">"Biography of William J. Clinton"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+William+J.+Clinton&amp;rft.date=March+12%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fwilliamjclinton%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/billclinton">"Bill Clinton – Democratic Party – 42nd President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Bill+Clinton+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+42nd+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fbillclinton&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=41">"Bill Clinton (August&#160;19, 1946&#160;– )"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Bill+Clinton+%28August%26nbsp%3B19%2C+1946%26nbsp%3B%E2%80%93+%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D41&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/georgewbush/">"Biography of President George W. Bush"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. February 25, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Biography+of+President+George+W.+Bush&amp;rft.date=February+25%2C+2007&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fabout%2Fpresidents%2Fgeorgewbush%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/georgewbush">"George W. Bush – Republican Party – 43rd President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=George+W.+Bush+%E2%80%93+Republican+Party+%E2%80%93+43rd+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fgeorgewbush&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=42">"George W. Bush (July&#160;6, 1946&#160;– )"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=George+W.+Bush+%28July%26nbsp%3B6%2C+1946%26nbsp%3B%E2%80%93+%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D42&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-whouseobama-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-whouseobama_150-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/president_obama/">"President Barack Obama"</a>. Whitehouse.gov. January 20, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 20, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=President+Barack+Obama&amp;rft.date=January+20%2C+2009&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehouse.gov%2Fadministration%2Fpresident_obama%2F&amp;rft.pub=Whitehouse.gov&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.com/presidents/obama">"Barack Obama – Democratic Party – 44th President – American Presidents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)" title="History (U.S. TV channel)" class="mw-redirect">History</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.btitle=Barack+Obama+%E2%80%93+Democratic+Party+%E2%80%93+44th+President+%E2%80%93+American+Presidents&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fpresidents%2Fobama&amp;rft.pub=History&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                        <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanpresidents.org/presidents/president.asp?PresidentNumber=43">"Barack Obama (August&#160;4, 1961&#160;– )"</a>. <i>American Presidents: Life Portrait</i>. <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved January 12, 2009</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+Presidents+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.atitle=Barack+Obama+%28August%26nbsp%3B4%2C+1961%26nbsp%3B%E2%80%93+%29&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanpresidents.org%2Fpresidents%2Fpresident.asp%3FPresidentNumber%3D43&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Presidents%3A+Life+Portrait&amp;rft.pub=C-SPAN&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span></li>
                    </ol>
                </div>
                <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span></h2>
                <table class="metadata mbox-small plainlinks" style="border:1px solid #aaa; background-color:#f9f9f9;">
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                        <td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" width="30" height="40" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></td>
                        <td class="mbox-text plainlist" style="">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <i><b><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" class="extiw" title="commons:President of the United States">President of the United States</a></b></i>.</td>
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                <ul>
                    <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/">Whitehouse.gov: The Presidents</a></li>
                    <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gvsu.edu/hauenstein/">The Hauenstein Center for Presidential Studies</a> –<a href="/wiki/Grand_Valley_State_University" title="Grand Valley State University">Grand Valley State University</a></li>
                    <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipl.org/div/potus/">POTUS: Presidents of the United States</a> – <a href="/wiki/Internet_Public_Library" title="Internet Public Library">Internet Public Library</a></li>
                </ul>
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                                                                    <div style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">Chief executives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div>
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                                                                    <div><b><strong class="selflink">President of the United States</strong></b></div>
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                                                                    <a href="/wiki/Governor_(United_States)" title="Governor (United States)">State governors</a><br />
                                                                    (<a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_governors" title="List of current United States governors">current list</a>)
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                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Alabama" title="List of Governors of Alabama">Alabama</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Alaska" title="List of Governors of Alaska">Alaska</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Arizona" title="List of Governors of Arizona">Arizona</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Arkansas" title="List of Governors of Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_California" title="List of Governors of California">California</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Colorado" title="List of Governors of Colorado" class="mw-redirect">Colorado</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Connecticut" title="List of Governors of Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Delaware" title="List of Governors of Delaware">Delaware</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Florida" title="List of Governors of Florida">Florida</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Georgia" title="List of Governors of Georgia">Georgia</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Hawaii" title="List of Governors of Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Idaho" title="List of Governors of Idaho">Idaho</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Illinois" title="List of Governors of Illinois">Illinois</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Indiana" title="List of Governors of Indiana">Indiana</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Iowa" title="List of Governors of Iowa">Iowa</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Kansas" title="List of Governors of Kansas">Kansas</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Kentucky" title="List of Governors of Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Louisiana" title="List of Governors of Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Maine" title="List of Governors of Maine">Maine</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Maryland" title="List of Governors of Maryland">Maryland</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Massachusetts" title="List of Governors of Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect">Massachusetts</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Michigan" title="List of Governors of Michigan">Michigan</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Minnesota" title="List of Governors of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Mississippi" title="List of Governors of Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Missouri" title="List of Governors of Missouri">Missouri</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Montana" title="List of Governors of Montana">Montana</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Nebraska" title="List of Governors of Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Nevada" title="List of Governors of Nevada">Nevada</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_New_Hampshire" title="List of Governors of New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_New_Jersey" title="List of Governors of New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_New_Mexico" title="List of Governors of New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_New_York" title="List of Governors of New York">New York</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_North_Carolina" title="List of Governors of North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_North_Dakota" title="List of Governors of North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Ohio" title="List of Governors of Ohio">Ohio</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Oklahoma" title="List of Governors of Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Oregon" title="List of Governors of Oregon">Oregon</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Pennsylvania" title="List of Governors of Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Rhode_Island" title="List of Governors of Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_South_Carolina" title="List of Governors of South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_South_Dakota" title="List of Governors of South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Tennessee" title="List of Governors of Tennessee" class="mw-redirect">Tennessee</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Texas" title="List of Governors of Texas">Texas</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Utah" title="List of Governors of Utah">Utah</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Vermont" title="List of Governors of Vermont">Vermont</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Virginia" title="List of Governors of Virginia">Virginia</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Washington" title="List of Governors of Washington">Washington</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_West_Virginia" title="List of Governors of West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Wisconsin" title="List of Governors of Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Wyoming" title="List of Governors of Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">
                                                                    <a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_governors_of_insular_areas_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Lists of governors of insular areas of the United States">Territorial executives</a><br />
                                                                    (<a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_governors#United_States_Territories_and_the_District_of_Columbia" title="List of current United States governors">current list</a>)
                                                                </th>
                                                                <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_American_Samoa" title="List of governors of American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Washington,_D.C." title="List of mayors of Washington, D.C.">District of Columbia</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Guam" title="List of Governors of Guam">Guam</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="List of Governors of the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Puerto_Rico" title="List of Governors of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="List of Governors of the United States Virgin Islands">United States Virgin Islands</a><br /></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><i>Defunct</i></th>
                                                                <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_territorial_governors_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Lists of territorial governors of the United States">Pre-state territories</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_the_Panama_Canal_Zone" title="List of Governors of the Panama Canal Zone">Panama Canal Zone</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_Philippines" title="List of Presidents of the Philippines">Philippine Commonwealth</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippines" title="Governor-General of the Philippines">Philippine Islands</a> (until 1935)</li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_heads_of_Cuba" title="List of colonial heads of Cuba" class="mw-redirect">Cuba</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_Dominican_Republic#List_of_unofficial_Presidents_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="List of Presidents of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/High_Commissioner_of_the_Trust_Territory_of_the_Pacific_Islands" title="High Commissioner of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands">Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands</a></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
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                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2">
                                                                    <div><i>See also: <a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Continental_Congress" title="President of the Continental Congress">President</a>)</i></div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                        </table>
                                                    </td>
                                                </tr>
                                            </table>
                                            <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;">
                                                <tr>
                                                    <td style="padding:2px;">
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                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3">
                                                                    <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Presidents" title="Template:US Presidents"><span title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;;">v</span></a></li>
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                                                                    </div>
                                                                    <div style="font-size:110%;"><strong class="selflink">Presidents of the United States</strong></div>
                                                                </th>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
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                                                            <tr>
                                                                <td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist hnum" style="width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ol>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">James K. Polk</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Pierce" title="Franklin Pierce">Franklin Pierce</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">James Buchanan</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Rutherford B. Hayes</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">James A. Garfield</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Chester A. Arthur</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Warren G. Harding</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></li>
                                                                        </ol>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                                <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;">
                                                                    <div><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_Of_The_President_Of_The_United_States_Of_America.svg" class="image"><img alt="Seal Of The President Of The United States Of America.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_Of_The_President_Of_The_United_States_Of_America.svg/100px-Seal_Of_The_President_Of_The_United_States_Of_America.svg.png" width="100" height="100" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_Of_The_President_Of_The_United_States_Of_America.svg/150px-Seal_Of_The_President_Of_The_United_States_Of_America.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_Of_The_President_Of_The_United_States_Of_America.svg/200px-Seal_Of_The_President_Of_The_United_States_Of_America.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2437" data-file-height="2437" /></a></div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                        </table>
                                                    </td>
                                                </tr>
                                            </table>
                                            <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;">
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                                                        <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;">
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2">
                                                                    <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lists_of_US_Presidents_and_Vice_Presidents" title="Template:Lists of US Presidents and Vice Presidents"><span title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;;">v</span></a></li>
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                                                                    </div>
                                                                    <div style="font-size:110%;">Lists related to the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">Presidents</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice Presidents of the United States</a></div>
                                                                </th>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><strong class="selflink">Presidents</strong></th>
                                                                <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_age" title="List of Presidents of the United States by age">Age</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_autobiographies_by_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of autobiographies by Presidents of the United States">Autobiographies</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_date_of_birth" title="List of Presidents of the United States by date of birth">Birth</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_burial_places_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of burial places of Presidents of the United States">Burial</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_date_of_death" title="List of Presidents of the United States by date of death">Death</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_rankings_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Historical rankings of Presidents of the United States">Historical rankings</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Presidents_by_military_rank" title="List of United States Presidents by military rank">Military rank</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_service" title="List of Presidents of the United States by military service">Military service</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Presidents_by_net_worth" title="List of United States Presidents by net worth">Net worth</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Living_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Living Presidents of the United States">Number living</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_time_in_office" title="List of Presidents of the United States by time in office">Time in office</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Timeline of Presidents of the United States">Timeline</a></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Professional careers</th>
                                                                <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_assassination_attempts_and_plots" title="List of United States presidential assassination attempts and plots">Assassination attempts and plots</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._presidential_campaign_slogans" title="List of U.S. presidential campaign slogans">Campaign slogans</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Presidents_and_control_of_Congress" title="United States Presidents and control of Congress">Control of Congress</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_doctrines" title="United States presidential doctrines">Doctrines</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_inauguration" title="United States presidential inauguration">Inaugurations</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="List of international trips made by the President of the United States">International trips</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_judicial_appointments" title="List of Presidents of the United States by judicial appointments">Judicial appointments</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_library#List_of_presidential_libraries" title="Presidential library">Libraries</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_other_offices_held" title="List of Presidents of the United States by other offices held">Other offices held</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_pardoned_or_granted_clemency_by_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the President of the United States">Pardons</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_political_affiliation" title="List of Presidents of the United States by political affiliation">Political affiliation</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States,_sortable_by_previous_experience" title="List of Presidents of the United States, sortable by previous experience">Previous experience</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_vetoes" title="List of United States presidential vetoes">Vetoes</a></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Personal life</th>
                                                                <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_who_died_in_office" title="List of Presidents of the United States who died in office">Deaths in office</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_education" title="List of Presidents of the United States by education">Education</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_with_facial_hair" title="List of Presidents of the United States with facial hair">Facial hair</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Handedness_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Handedness of Presidents of the United States">Handedness</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_multilingual_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of multilingual Presidents of the United States">Multilingualism</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_name" title="List of Presidents of the United States by name">Names</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nicknames_of_United_States_Presidents" title="List of nicknames of United States Presidents">Nicknames</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_pets" title="United States presidential pets">Pets</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_home_state" title="List of Presidents of the United States by home state">Home state</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_occupation" title="List of Presidents of the United States by occupation">Previous occupation</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_affiliations_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Religious affiliations of Presidents of the United States">Religious affiliation</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_residences_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of residences of Presidents of the United States">Residences</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_White_Houses" title="Summer White Houses" class="mw-redirect">Summer White Houses</a></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of Vice Presidents of the United States">Vice presidents</a></th>
                                                                <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_age" title="List of Vice Presidents of the United States by age">Age</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_education" title="List of Vice Presidents of the United States by education">Education</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_other_offices_held" title="List of Vice Presidents of the United States by other offices held">Other offices held</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_place_of_primary_affiliation" title="List of Vice Presidents of the United States by place of primary affiliation">Place of primary affiliation</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_religious_affiliation" title="List of Vice Presidents of the United States by religious affiliation">Religious affiliation</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tie-breaking_votes_cast_by_Vice_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of tie-breaking votes cast by Vice Presidents of the United States">Tie-breaking votes</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_the_United_States_by_time_in_office" title="List of Vice Presidents of the United States by time in office">Time in office</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Acting_Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Acting Vice President of the United States">Vacancies</a></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Succession</th>
                                                                <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Designated_survivor" title="Designated survivor">Designated survivor</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_line_of_succession" title="United States presidential line of succession">Line of succession</a></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">Elections</a></th>
                                                                <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_Electoral_College_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by Electoral College margin">Electoral College margin</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_popular_vote_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by popular vote margin">Popular vote margin</a></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_candidates" title="List of United States presidential candidates">Candidates</a></th>
                                                                <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Democratic_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets">Democratic tickets</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Republican_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Republican Party presidential tickets">Republican tickets</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_major_third_party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States major third party presidential tickets">Third party tickets</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_presidential_and_vice_presidential_candidates" title="List of African-American United States presidential and vice presidential candidates">African American</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_candidates_for_President_of_the_United_States_who_received_at_least_one_electoral_vote" title="List of candidates for President of the United States who received at least one electoral vote">Candidates with at least one electoral vote</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_United_States_presidential_and_vice-presidential_candidates" title="List of female United States presidential and vice-presidential candidates">Female</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_United_States_presidents_who_ran_for_office_after_leaving_the_presidency" title="List of former United States presidents who ran for office after leaving the presidency">Former presidents who ran again</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Heights_of_presidents_and_presidential_candidates_of_the_United_States" title="Heights of presidents and presidential candidates of the United States">Height</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_major-party_United_States_presidential_candidates_who_lost_their_home_state" title="List of major-party United States presidential candidates who lost their home state" class="mw-redirect">Lost their home state</a></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Families</th>
                                                                <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/First_Family_of_the_United_States" title="First Family of the United States">First Family</a></li>
                                                                            <li>
                                                                                <a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="First Lady of the United States">First ladies</a>
                                                                                <ul>
                                                                                    <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_First_Ladies_of_the_United_States" title="List of First Ladies of the United States">list</a></li>
                                                                                    <li><a href="/wiki/Living_First_Ladies_of_the_United_States" title="Living First Ladies of the United States">number living</a></li>
                                                                                </ul>
                                                                            </li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="Second Lady of the United States">Second ladies</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_children_of_the_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of children of the Presidents of the United States">Children</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._presidential_relatives" title="List of U.S. presidential relatives">Relatives</a></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Namesakes, honors</th>
                                                                <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._presidents_on_U.S._postage_stamps" title="U.S. presidents on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. postage stamp appearances</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Presidents_on_currency" title="List of United States Presidents on currency">Currency appearances</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._counties_named_after_U.S._Presidents" title="List of U.S. counties named after U.S. Presidents">U.S. county names</a></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr style="height:2px;">
                                                                <td colspan="2"></td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                            <tr>
                                                                <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">In fiction</th>
                                                                <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;">
                                                                    <div style="padding:0em 0.25em;">
                                                                        <ul>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of fictional Presidents of the United States" class="mw-redirect">Presidents</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_Vice_Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of fictional Vice Presidents of the United States">Vice Presidents</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_United_States_presidential_candidates" title="List of fictional United States presidential candidates">Candidates</a></li>
                                                                            <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_line_of_succession_in_fiction" title="United States presidential line of succession in fiction">Line of succession</a></li>
                                                                        </ul>
                                                                    </div>
                                                                </td>
                                                            </tr>
                                                        </table>
                                                    </td>
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                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am"><a href="//am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9C%E1%88%AA%E1%8A%AB_%E1%8D%95%E1%88%AC%E1%8B%9D%E1%8B%B3%E1%8A%95%E1%89%B6%E1%89%BD_%E1%8B%9D%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%9D%E1%88%AD" title="የአሜሪካ ፕሬዝዳንቶች ዝርዝር – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am">አማርኛ</a></li>
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                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar"><a href="//ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%82:%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%B1%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ملحق:قائمة رؤساء الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar">العربية</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp"><a href="//frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_des_pr%C3%A8sidents_des_%C3%88tats-Unis_d%E2%80%99Am%C3%A8rica" title="Lista des prèsidents des Ètats-Unis d’Amèrica – Franco-Provençal" lang="frp" hreflang="frp">Arpetan</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast"><a href="//ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidentes_de_los_Estaos_Xun%C3%ADos_d%27Am%C3%A9rica" title="Presidentes de los Estaos Xuníos d'América – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast">Asturianu</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az"><a href="//az.wikipedia.org/wiki/AB%C5%9E_prezidentl%C9%99rinin_siyah%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="ABŞ prezidentlərinin siyahısı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az">Azərbaycanca</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm"><a href="//bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_Jamanakuntigiw" title="USA Jamanakuntigiw – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm">Bamanankan</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn"><a href="//bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE" title="মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের রাষ্ট্রপতিদের তালিকা – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn">বাংলা</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be"><a href="//be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Спіс прэзідэнтаў ЗША – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be">Беларуская</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl"><a href="//bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_nin_mga_Presidente_kan_Estados_Unidos" title="Lista nin mga Presidente kan Estados Unidos – Bikol Central" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl">Bikol Central</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg"><a href="//bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%A9" title="Списък на президентите на САЩ – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg">Български</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar"><a href="//bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikanische_Presidentn" title="Amerikanische Presidentn – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar">Boarisch</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs"><a href="//bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spisak_predsjednika_Sjedinjenih_Ameri%C4%8Dkih_Dr%C5%BEava" title="Spisak predsjednika Sjedinjenih Američkih Država – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs">Bosanski</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br"><a href="//br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezidant_Stado%C3%B9-Unanet_Amerika" title="Prezidant Stadoù-Unanet Amerika – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br">Brezhoneg</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca"><a href="//ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llista_de_presidents_dels_Estats_Units" title="Llista de presidents dels Estats Units – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca">Català</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv"><a href="//cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%9F%D0%A8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%87%C4%95%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%82-%D0%B9%D1%8B%D1%88%C4%95" title="АПШ президенчĕсен ят-йышĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv">Чӑвашла</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs"><a href="//cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seznam_prezident%C5%AF_Spojen%C3%BDch_st%C3%A1t%C5%AF_americk%C3%BDch" title="Seznam prezidentů Spojených států amerických – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs">Čeština</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co"><a href="//co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidenti_di_i_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Presidenti di i Stati Uniti d'America – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co">Corsu</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy"><a href="//cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arlywydd_yr_Unol_Daleithiau" title="Arlywydd yr Unol Daleithiau – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy">Cymraeg</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da"><a href="//da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikanske_pr%C3%A6sidenter" title="Amerikanske præsidenter – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da">Dansk</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de"><a href="//de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_der_Pr%C3%A4sidenten_der_Vereinigten_Staaten" title="Liste der Präsidenten der Vereinigten Staaten – German" lang="de" hreflang="de">Deutsch</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et"><a href="//et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameerika_%C3%9Chendriikide_presidentide_ja_asepresidentide_loend" title="Ameerika Ühendriikide presidentide ja asepresidentide loend – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et">Eesti</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el"><a href="//el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%AD%CE%B4%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%97%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Κατάλογος Προέδρων των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el">Ελληνικά</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es"><a href="//es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Presidentes_de_los_Estados_Unidos" title="Anexo:Presidentes de los Estados Unidos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es">Español</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo"><a href="//eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listo_de_prezidantoj_de_Usono" title="Listo de prezidantoj de Usono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo">Esperanto</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu"><a href="//eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuetako_presidenteen_zerrenda" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako presidenteen zerrenda – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu">Euskara</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa"><a href="//fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="فهرست رئیس‌جمهورهای ایالات متحده آمریکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa">فارسی</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo"><a href="//fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listi_yvir_forsetarnar_%C3%AD_USA" title="Listi yvir forsetarnar í USA – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo">Føroyskt</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr"><a href="//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_des_pr%C3%A9sidents_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Liste des présidents des États-Unis – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr">Français</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy"><a href="//fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_fan_Amerikaanske_presidinten" title="List fan Amerikaanske presidinten – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy">Frysk</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga"><a href="//ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uachtar%C3%A1n_na_St%C3%A1t_Aontaithe" title="Uachtarán na Stát Aontaithe – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga">Gaeilge</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv"><a href="//gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eaghtyrane_ny_Steatyn_Unnaneysit" title="Eaghtyrane ny Steatyn Unnaneysit – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv">Gaelg</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl"><a href="//gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidentes_dos_Estados_Unidos_de_Am%C3%A9rica" title="Presidentes dos Estados Unidos de América – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl">Galego</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko"><a href="//ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%EB%8C%80%ED%86%B5%EB%A0%B9_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D" title="미국의 대통령 목록 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko">한국어</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy"><a href="//hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%84%D5%86-%D5%AB_%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AF" title="ԱՄՆ-ի նախագահների ցանկ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy">Հայերեն</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi"><a href="//hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80" title="संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका के राष्ट्रपतियों की सूची – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi">हिन्दी</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr"><a href="//hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodatak:Popis_predsjednika_Sjedinjenih_Ameri%C4%8Dkih_Dr%C5%BEava" title="Dodatak:Popis predsjednika Sjedinjenih Američkih Država – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr">Hrvatski</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io"><a href="//io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listo_di_prezidanti_di_Usa" title="Listo di prezidanti di Usa – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io">Ido</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo"><a href="//ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listaan_dagiti_Presidente_iti_Estados_Unidos" title="Listaan dagiti Presidente iti Estados Unidos – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo">Ilokano</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id"><a href="//id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daftar_Presiden_Amerika_Serikat" title="Daftar Presiden Amerika Serikat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia"><a href="//ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_de_presidentes_del_Statos_Unite_de_America" title="Lista de presidentes del Statos Unite de America – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia">Interlingua</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is"><a href="//is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listi_yfir_forseta_Bandar%C3%ADkjanna" title="Listi yfir forseta Bandaríkjanna – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is">Íslenska</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it"><a href="//it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capi_di_stato_degli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Capi di stato degli Stati Uniti d'America – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it">Italiano</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he"><a href="//he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%90_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA#.D7.A8.D7.A9.D7.99.D7.9E.D7.AA_.D7.94.D7.A0.D7.A9.D7.99.D7.90.D7.99.D7.9D" title="נשיא ארצות הברית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he">עברית</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv"><a href="//jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhaptar_Pr%C3%A9sidh%C3%A8n_Am%C3%A9rika_Sar%C3%A9kat" title="Dhaptar Présidhèn Amérika Sarékat – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv">Basa Jawa</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn"><a href="//kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%A6_%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF" title="ಅಮೇರಿಕ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತ ಸಂಸ್ಥಾನದ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಪತಿಗಳ ಪಟ್ಟಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka"><a href="//ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A8-%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="აშშ-ის პრეზიდენტების სია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka">ქართული</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk"><a href="//kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%9A%D0%A8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D2%A3_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96" title="АҚШ президенттерінің тізімі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk">Қазақша</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw"><a href="//kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lywydhyon_a%27n_Statys_Unys_Amerika" title="Lywydhyon a'n Statys Unys Amerika – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw">Kernowek</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw"><a href="//rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abaperezida_ba_Leta_Zunze_Ubumwe_z%E2%80%99Amerika" title="Abaperezida ba Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw">Kinyarwanda</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw"><a href="//sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orodha_ya_Marais_wa_Marekani" title="Orodha ya Marais wa Marekani – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw">Kiswahili</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj"><a href="//mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%A3%D0%A8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="АУШ президентвлӓ – Hill Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj">Кырык мары</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la"><a href="//la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_praesidum_Civitatum_Foederatarum_Americae" title="Index praesidum Civitatum Foederatarum Americae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la">Latina</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv"><a href="//lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASV_prezidentu_uzskait%C4%ABjums" title="ASV prezidentu uzskaitījums – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv">Latviešu</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb"><a href="//lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ABscht_vun_de_Presidente_vun_den_USA" title="Lëscht vun de Presidente vun den USA – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt"><a href="//lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%85ra%C5%A1as:JAV_prezidentai" title="Sąrašas:JAV prezidentai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt">Lietuvių</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li"><a href="//li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lies_van_presidente_van_de_Vereinigde_Sjtaote" title="Lies van presidente van de Vereinigde Sjtaote – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li">Limburgs</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo"><a href="//jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/liste_be_lo_merja%27a" title="liste be lo merja'a – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo">Lojban</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu"><a href="//hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az_Amerikai_Egyes%C3%BClt_%C3%81llamok_eln%C3%B6keinek_list%C3%A1ja" title="Az Amerikai Egyesült Államok elnökeinek listája – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu">Magyar</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk"><a href="//mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Список на претседатели на Соединетите Американски Држави – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk">Македонски</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml"><a href="//ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%90%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95" title="അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകളുടെ പ്രസിഡണ്ടുമാരുടെ പട്ടിക – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml">മലയാളം</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf"><a href="//xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8-%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ააშ-იშ პრეზიდენტეფიშ ერკებული – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf">მარგალური</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz"><a href="//arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A9_%D8%B1%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7" title="لستة رؤسا امريكا – Egyptian Spoken Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz">مصرى</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn"><a href="//mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="متحده ایالات رییس‌جمهورون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn">مازِرونی</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms"><a href="//ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senarai_Presiden_Amerika_Syarikat" title="Senarai Presiden Amerika Syarikat – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms">Bahasa Melayu</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lijst_van_presidenten_van_de_Verenigde_Staten" title="Lijst van presidenten van de Verenigde Staten – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl">Nederlands</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl"><a href="//nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lieste_van_presidenten_van_de_Vereanegde_Stoaten" title="Lieste van presidenten van de Vereanegde Stoaten – Low Saxon (Netherlands)" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL">Nedersaksies</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new"><a href="//new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%83" title="संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाया राष्ट्रपतितेगु धलः – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new">नेपाल भाषा</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja"><a href="//ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%B4%E4%BB%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E7%B5%B1%E9%A0%98%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%A7" title="歴代アメリカ合衆国大統領の一覧 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja">日本語</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no"><a href="//no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_over_USAs_presidenter" title="Liste over USAs presidenter – Norwegian (bokmål)" lang="no" hreflang="no">Norsk bokmål</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn"><a href="//nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidentar_i_USA" title="Presidentar i USA – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn">Norsk nynorsk</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm"><a href="//nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sident_d%27s_%C3%8Atats_Unnis" title="Président d's Êtats Unnis – Nouormand" lang="nrm" hreflang="nrm">Nouormand</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc"><a href="//oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_dels_presidents_dels_Estats_Units_d%27America" title="Lista dels presidents dels Estats Units d'America – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc">Occitan</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz"><a href="//uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/AQSh_Prezidenti" title="AQSh Prezidenti – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz">Oʻzbekcha</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds"><a href="//nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_van_de_Pr%C3%A4sidenten_van_de_USA" title="List van de Präsidenten van de USA – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds">Plattdüütsch</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl"><a href="//pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezydenci_Stan%C3%B3w_Zjednoczonych" title="Prezydenci Stanów Zjednoczonych – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl">Polski</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt"><a href="//pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Lista_de_presidentes_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Anexo:Lista de presidentes dos Estados Unidos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt">Português</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh"><a href="//ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96wersich_met_de_Pr%C3%A4sidente_von_de_Vereenischte_Staate_von_Amerika" title="Öwersich met de Präsidente von de Vereenischte Staate von Amerika – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh">Ripoarisch</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_pre%C8%99edin%C8%9Bilor_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Lista președinților Statelor Unite ale Americii – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro">Română</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru"><a href="//ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Список президентов США – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru">Русский</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq"><a href="//sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_e_President%C3%ABve_t%C3%AB_Shteteve_t%C3%AB_Bashkuara_t%C3%AB_Amerik%C3%ABs" title="Lista e Presidentëve të Shteteve të Bashkuara të Amerikës – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq">Shqip</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn"><a href="//scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisidenti_d%C3%AE_Stati_Uniti" title="Prisidenti dî Stati Uniti – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn">Sicilianu</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si"><a href="//si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%AF_%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80" title="එක්සත් ජනපද ජනාධිපති ලැයිස්තුව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si">සිංහල</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple"><a href="//simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States – Simple English" lang="simple" hreflang="simple">Simple English</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk"><a href="//sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoznam_prezidentov_Spojen%C3%BDch_%C5%A1t%C3%A1tov" title="Zoznam prezidentov Spojených štátov – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk">Slovenčina</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl"><a href="//sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seznam_predsednikov_Zdru%C5%BEenih_dr%C5%BEav_Amerike" title="Seznam predsednikov Združenih držav Amerike – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl">Slovenščina</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb"><a href="//ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8E%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%86%DA%A9_%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95_%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پێرستی سەرۆک کۆمارەکانی ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان – Sorani Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb">کوردی</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr"><a href="//sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Списак председника Сједињених Америчких Држава – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr">Српски / srpski</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh"><a href="//sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popis_predsjednika_SAD" title="Popis predsjednika SAD – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi"><a href="//fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luettelo_Yhdysvaltain_presidenteist%C3%A4" title="Luettelo Yhdysvaltain presidenteistä – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi">Suomi</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv"><a href="//sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_%C3%B6ver_USA:s_presidenter" title="Lista över USA:s presidenter – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv">Svenska</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta"><a href="//ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%90%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="ஐக்கிய அமெரிக்கக் குடியரசுத் தலைவர்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta">தமிழ்</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt"><a href="//tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%9A%D0%A8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="АКШ президентлары исемлеге – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt">Татарча/tatarça</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te"><a href="//te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="అమెరికా సంయుక్త రాష్ట్రాల అధ్యక్షులు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te">తెలుగు</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th"><a href="//th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="รายนามประธานาธิบดีสหรัฐอเมริกา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th">ไทย</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr"><a href="//chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%BA%E1%8E%B5%E1%8E%A8_%E1%8E%A4%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%AC%E1%8F%AB%E1%8F%B3%E1%8E%AF" title="ᎠᎺᎵᎨ ᎤᏂᎬᏫᏳᎯ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr"><a href="//tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri_devlet_ba%C5%9Fkanlar%C4%B1_listesi" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri devlet başkanları listesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr">Türkçe</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk"><a href="//tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/AB%C5%9E_prezidentlerini%C5%88_sanawy" title="ABŞ prezidentleriniň sanawy – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk">Türkmençe</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk"><a href="//uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Список президентів США – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk">Українська</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur"><a href="//ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1" title="فہرست امریکی صدور – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur">اردو</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec"><a href="//vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_dei_Presidenti_dei_Stati_Un%C3%ACi_de_%C5%82a_M%C3%A8rica" title="Lista dei Presidenti dei Stati Unìi de ła Mèrica – vèneto" lang="vec" hreflang="vec">Vèneto</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi"><a href="//vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danh_s%C3%A1ch_T%E1%BB%95ng_th%E1%BB%91ng_Hoa_K%E1%BB%B3" title="Danh sách Tổng thống Hoa Kỳ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi">Tiếng Việt</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war"><a href="//war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talaan_hin_mga_Mangulo_han_Estados_Unidos" title="Talaan hin mga Mangulo han Estados Unidos – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war">Winaray</a></li>
                        <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi"><a href="//yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A2_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%9F_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%92%D7%98%D7%A2_%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%90%D7%98%D7%9F" title="ליסטע פון פרעזידענטן פון די פאראייניגטע שטאטן – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi">ייִדיש</a></li>
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